【作者】 王骋； 孙长颢； 赵丹； 李颖； 高占云；

【Author】 WANG Cheng SUN Chang-hao ZHAO Dan LI Ying Harbin Medical University,College of Public Health,Harbin 150081,China

【机构】 哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室；

【摘要】 目的探讨膳食中营养素、肥胖与高血压及高血脂的关系。方法用 FFQ(食物频率问卷法)对在哈尔滨市随机选择的9个人口流动性小的有代表性社区进行了膳食调查,计算出哈尔滨市城市居民每日膳食中营养素的摄入量。测定了身高、体重、血压、腰围、臀围、空腹血糖、2小时糖耐量、血脂及血清中的钙、铁、锌。结果肥胖人群高血压、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的患病率都显著高于正常人群,多因素分析表明肥胖是高血压、高甘油三酯血症、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的危险因素；与高血压相关的膳食因素中,碳水化合物、钠是高血压的危险因素,动物性蛋白质、核黄素、尼克酸、钙、磷、锌、硒、动物性铁是高血压的保护因素。与血脂相关的膳食因素中,动物性脂肪是高胆固醇血症的危险因素,而铜锌比值是高胆固醇血症和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的保护因素,膳食中胆固醇、蛋白质的摄入是低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的危险因素；膳食中胆固醇、动物性蛋白质、钙磷比值是高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的危险因素。结论与正常人群相比肥胖人群更易发生高血压及高血脂等代谢紊乱,并且膳食中某些营养素与高血脂、高血压密切相关,应调整膳食中营养素的摄入来改善血压及血脂紊乱。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the relationship between dietary nutrients,obesity and hypertension, hyperlipidemia in female of Harbin city.Methods The data were collected in nine representative and random community of Harbin through dietary survey by FFQ (Food Frequency questionnaire ).All cases had their height, weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,total cholesterol,serum triglycefides,LDL-C,HDL-C,fasting blood glucose,two-hours oral glucose tolerance test,body fat percentage and the serum calcium,ferrum,zinc measured. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension,Hypertriglyceridemia,Low HDL-C,High LDL-C of obese group were significantly higher than normal group.Multiplicity indicated that obesity was the risk factor of Hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia,low HDL-C,high LDL-C;In these dietary nutrients which were relative to the hypertension, carbohydrate,sodium were the risk factor of hypertension.Animal protein,Riboflavin,Niacin,calcium, phosphorus,selenium,zinc,Animal iron were the protective factor of hypertension.In those dietary nutrients which were relative to the serum lipid,animal fat was the risk factor of the hypercholesteremia.The ratio of copper and zinc was the protective factor of hypercholesteremia and high LDL-C.The cholesterol and protein were the risk factors of the low HDL-C.The cholesterol,animal protein,the ratio of the calcium and phosphorus were the risk factors of the high LDL-C.Conclusion The hypertension and hyperlipemia were more prevalence to the obese group than these in the normal group.And some dietary nutrients were closely correlated with the hypertension and hyperlipemia.So the intakes of dietary nutrients in these people should be adjusted in order to improve their hypertension and dyslipidemia.更多还原