【作者】 周毅； 杨红生； 毛玉泽； 袁秀堂； 张涛； 刘鹰； 张福绥；

【Author】 ZHOU Yi~① YANG Hong-Sheng~① MAO Yu-Ze~①② YUAN Xiu-Tang~① ZHANG Tao~① LIU Ying~① ZHANG Fu-Sui~① (①Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071; ②Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)

【机构】 中国科学院海洋研究所；

【摘要】 运用沉积物捕集器于桑沟湾对栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)的生物沉积进行了现场测定,以评价贝类养殖对近岸生态环境的影响。结果表明：桑沟湾栉孔扇贝具有相当高的生物沉积速率。壳高68．1～ 77．9mm、软体干重2．75～3．91g 的栉孔扇贝,其生物沉积速率为0．93～6．97 g/ind·d,平均3．99 g/ind·d；而壳高40．8～67．4mm、软体于重0．59～1．85 g 的栉孔扇贝生物沉积速率的变化范围为0,52～6．42 g/ind·d, 平均为2．38 g/ind·d；另外,壳高为25．8～28．3mm、软体干重0．12～0．17 g 的栉孔扇贝,其生物沉积速率在 2002年的11和12月以及2003年的1月分别为0．74、1．11和0．15g/ind·d。在桑沟湾,影响栉孔扇贝生物沉积的主要因素包括水温、悬浮颗粒物、扇贝个体大小和年龄。高密度、大规模的近岸浅海贝类养殖所产生的大量生物沉积物可能会对海区的物理、化学和生物环境产生影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to evaluate the influence of bivalve culture on the coastal ecological environment, biodeposit production by the Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri in suspended culture areas of Sanggou Bay (132 km~2) in northern China was determined in situ by sediment traps from Apr.2002 to Jan. 2003.The results showed that 0.93-6.97 g (mean 3.99 g) of material was produced every day by in- dividual scallops with shell heights of 68.1-77.9 mm and soft tissue dry weight of 2.75-3.91 g. The biodeposition rates of scallops with shell heights of 40.8-67.4 mm and soft tissue dry weights of 0.59-1.85 g ranged from 0.52 to 6.42 g/ind·d,with a mean of 2.38 g/ind·d.Biodepesition rates of scallops with shell heights of 25.8-28.3 mm and soft tissue dry weights of 0.12-0.17 g in Nov.and Dec.2002 and Jan.2003 were 0.74,1.11 and 0.15 g/ind·d,respectively. In Sanggou Bay,the main environmental factors affecting the biodeposition rate of bivalves in- volve water temperature,seston,and scallop size and age.An estimated 1.91×10~5 t of biodeposit can be produced by all the cultured scallops(2×10~5 individuals)in Sanggou Bay in one year, which may change the physical,chemical and biological conditions of the whole bay.更多还原