【作者】 郭策； 王文波； 孙久荣； 于敏； 戴振东；

【Author】 GUO Ce, WANG Wen-bo, YU Min, DAI Zhen-dong, SUN Jiu-rong ( Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing Universily of Aeronautics and Astronautics, N anjing 210016, China; College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

【机构】 南京航空航天大学 仿生结构与材料防护研究所； 北京大学 生命科学学院；

【摘要】 采用扫描电镜和细胞组织学技术比较大壁虎(G.gecko)和无蹼壁虎(G.swinhonis)脚底刚毛的形态构筑,并观测了其与粘附性能的关系。扫描电镜结果显示:壁虎脚底的刚毛排列整齐而密集、方向规则,尖端弯曲而分支。其中,大壁虎的刚毛排列呈束状,头端分支间距较小(小于0.2-0．3μm),均弯向脚心,角度规范(-10°),末梢呈花托状膨大;无蹼壁虎的刚毛两级分支明显,分支间距较大(第一级分支大于0．5μm,第二级分支大于1μm),末梢呈卷须状,多角度弯曲。组织学检测发现,大壁虎和无蹼壁虎的刚毛均为实体,内容物丰满,毛底部有大量上皮细胞、脂肪细胞、色素细胞和肌肉组织,没有腺细胞。功能性实验证实,壁虎脚底毛形态构筑的规范性与其粘附性能正相关,改变脚底刚毛的形态构筑可显著降低其粘附性能。同时测试结果表明两种壁虎脚底毛的切向粘附力均大于其法向粘附力,相对体重而言,无蹼壁虎具有更强的粘附性能,特别是其法向粘附性能更优于大壁虎。壁虎刚毛的形态构筑和组织学特点为制备仿壁虎刚毛群提供了重要信息。更多还原

【Abstract】 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and histological techniques were used to observe and study the structure of setae in two populations of geckos(G gecko and G swinhonis) and their relationships with the adherent functions. The results of SEM showed that the setae of two species are densely distributed in an orderly fashion, branching with curved tips. The setae of G gecko form clusters whose terminal branches curve towards the center of the toes at - 10° and the tips of the branches like spatulae densely arraying with very small intervals. On contrary, the tips of branches in setae of G swinhouis are curled, and the terminal parts of setae curve towards the center of the toes in various angles. Usually the setae of this gecko species branch twice at the top with the intervals greater than that of G gecko. The histological observation found that the inside of setae in both species has plenty of unevenly distributed contents, such as epithelia, fat cells, pigmental cells and muscle tissue, but without gland cells. The results from the functional experiments suggested that changing the setae’s structure of gecko could reduce its adherent ability dramatically which demonstrated the positive correlation between the structure of the gecko’s setae and its adherent ability. It also showed that the setal parallel force of both species was greater man the force perpendicular to the surface, and considering the animal’s body weight, adhesion ability of G swinhonis is greater than that of G gecko, especially its perpendicular adhesive ability is more excellent, which adapts to its habitual behavior of hanging on the ceilings. These results offer important information for designing bio-mimic setae.更多还原