【作者】 许乐仁； 杨筱珍； 高登慧； 江萍；

【Author】 Leren Xu, Xiaozhen Yang, Denghui Gao and Ping Jiang (Department of Animal Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P R China)

【机构】 贵州大学动物医学系；

【摘要】 肥大细胞广泛存在于哺乳动物,人类及家禽的多种组织之中。肥大细胞特征性的胞浆颗粒中含有生物胺、蛋白多糖及中性蛋白酶等多种生物活性物质。通过脱颗粒释放上述生物活性物质而在动物的健康和疾病中发挥重要作用。根据其组织化学、形态学及其分布的明显差异,某些哺乳动物的肥大细胞被区分为所谓粘膜肥大细胞(MMC)与结缔组织肥大细胞(CTMC)。国外的一些研究者采用不同的组织化学技术证实了某些硬骨鱼组织中肥大细胞的存在,似乎硬骨鱼肥大细胞类似于哺乳动物的粘膜肥大细胞(MMC),它们对某些固定液(如福尔马林)比较敏感,对染料及染色条件有较大的选择性且染色效果不很稳定。～些研究者注意到硬骨鱼肥大细胞胞浆颗粒的所谓“嗜酸性”性质,特别是可被伊红着染呈红色。因此有人使用“嗜酸性颗粒细胞”(eosinophilic granule cell,EGC)或肥大细胞／嗜酸性颗粒细胞(MC／EGC)来命名那些在形态学和某些组化性质上与肥大细胞相似,而H．E染色时呈红染颗粒的细胞。硬骨鱼种类繁多,种间的肥大细胞(或EGC)的差异性的存在也毋庸置疑。总之,硬骨鱼肥大细胞(或EGC)的基础细胞生物学还有许多问题有待进一步阐明。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mast cells were firstly identified in the tissues of grass fish (Cteaopharyngodon idella ) and cat fish (Claris fuscus lacepede) histochemically and morphologically. Mast cells were found in the mucosa and submucosa of the intestine and in the lymphoid organs including thymus, head kidney and spleen in the two species which intended to adjacent to blood vessels. It seemed that the staining properties of the mast cells in grass fish and cat fish were similar to the mucosal mast cells in mammals in some aspects. Carnoy’ s fluid and Alcian blue were proved to be the good fixative and the excellent dye for the mast cells, respectively, but fixation in neutral buffered formalin (NBF) and stained with toluidine blue were unsatisfactory. Some other histochemical methods previously have been used by some investigators to detect mast cells, or so called eosinophilic granule cells (EGCs) in teleostean fish, were failed to identify mast cells in the two species of fish in the present study. Under electron microscopy, the mast cells in grass fish and cat fish were similar which contained characteristic cytogranules更多还原