【作者】 巩鹏涛； 张雪丽； 王晓玲； 张淑玲； 李迪；

【Author】 Gong Pengtao Zhang Xueli WangXiaoling Zhang Shilling LiDi Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 57202S

【机构】 海南省热带农业资源开发利用研究所；

【摘要】 孟德尔的豌豆试验,提出了分离组合定律,奠定了遗传学的基础;摩尔根的连锁交换定律无疑是近代遗传学的一个里程碑。随着科学家们不断努力,遗传学已由宏观表面现象逐渐发展深入到微观分子水平,2002年人类全基因组的测序完成标志着遗传学发展进入了新时代——功能基因组时代, 在这一发展过程中,分子标记技术起到了举足轻重的作用。本文主要介绍了遗传作图群体的类型以及系统,主要介绍了适合自繁植物的作图群体以及异花授粉植物的作图群体。论述了RFLP、RAPD、 SSR、ISSR、AFLP、SRAP以及SNP等标记的原理、方法、优缺点及其应用范围等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mendel’s pea trial, resulted in the law of segregation and law of independent assortment, then based the foundation of genetics. Thomas H. Morgan’s law of linkage and crossing-over is no doubt a milestone of modern genetics. Genetics is gradually developed from macroworld to microworld, from superficial level to molecular level following the new findings from scientists. The complete of whole human genome sequencing in 2002 marked the new era of genetics, i.e. functional genomics times. Molecular markers played an unsubstituted role during this process. Different genetic populations, including self fertilized population and outcrossing population were evaluated for their function in genetic mapping. The principles and applications of molecular markers, such as RFLP,RAPD,SSR JSSR,AFLP,SRAP and SNP were discussed.更多还原