【作者】 白羊年； 王晓玲； 方宣钧；

【Author】 Bai Yangnian Wang Xiaoling Fang Xuanjun Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Sanya, 572025

【机构】 海南省热带农业资源开发利用研究所；

【摘要】 正像水稻一样,大豆杂种优势利用也会从三系法到两系法,可能再到一系法,朝着程序由繁到简、效率越来越高的方向发展。中国已先后育成十几个质核互作雄性不育系及其保持系和恢复系, 但因大豆本身异花传粉困难,利用三系法制种的步骤复杂、不育系繁殖和制种的难度和成本很高,从而限制了大豆杂种优势在生产中的应用。两系法可以减少不育系繁殖成本,并且具有无需保持系、配组自由、容易转育以及避免细胞质单一等优点,因此是目前大豆杂种优势利用的较好选择。本研究在海南资源所冬播育种群体中发现了一个雄性不育材料,初步推测其不育为光温敏雄性不育类型,并将其命名为Hitar01S。提出了围绕Hitar01S开展进一步研究的思路,以及开展该项研究的意义。在简要概括国内外大豆质核互作雄性不育和光温敏雄性不育研究进展的基础上,提出了人工诱导雄性不育并用于大豆杂种优势利用的研究方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heterosis utilization of soybean will be developed from three-line system to two line system, maybe also to one-line system, from complex to simple in its procedure, and from lower to higher in its efficiency, just like as that of rice. More than ten soybean nuclear-cytoplasm male-sterile lines and their maintainers and restorers have been developed in China. Because of very low outcrossing rate of soybean, the propagation of soybean male-sterile line is difficult, meanwhile the procedure in producing hybrid through three-line system is complex, therefore lead to high cost of its hybrid production and hinder the heterosis utilization of three-line system in field production. The two-line system, with no need for maintainer line, easy to make crossing, feasible in breeding, avoidance of mono-cytoplasm, and reducing the cost for propagation of soybean male-sterile line, is a better choice in hybrid soybean production. A new photo-ther-mo sensitive male-sterile line, named as Hitar01S, was found in a breeding population in the winter of Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources (HITAR), and the procedure for further study was proposed. Based on the review of soybean cytoplasm-nuclear male sterility and photo-thermo sensitive male-sterility, a new pathway was discussed to study artificially-induced male sterility to utilize soybean heterosis.更多还原