【作者】 罗宏海； 朱建军； 夏徽； 张旺锋； 勾玲； 赵瑞海；

【Author】 LUO Hong-hai ,ZHU Jian-jun ,XIA Hui,ZHANG Wang-feng ,GOU Ling ,ZHAO Rui-hai ( Shehezi University of Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan,Shihezi 832003, China; Xinjiang Institute for Policy of Science and Technology, Urumki 831100,Chia )

【机构】 石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室；

【摘要】 采用土柱栽培的研究方法,在膜下滴灌条件下研究根区水分变化对棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L．)根系生长、活力及产量的影响。结果表明:常规滴灌量(新疆大田膜下滴灌滴水定额,每次滴水量375 m3·hm-2)滴水前土壤耕层(0-40 cm)内土壤相对含水率低于50％,棉株受到了一定程度的水分胁迫,滴水后耕层内相对含水率可保持在70％左右,根系的生长发育进程受到了影响,根系生物量降低,但提高了土层40-100 cm根系活力,且生育后期下降缓慢,并通过增加同化物向蕾铃分配的比例,提高了经济系数,最终提高棉花产量。不同品种对滴水量的反应差异较大,新陆早8号在常规滴灌和充分滴灌量下,子棉产量高于新陆早6号,而在限量滴灌条件下则显著低于新陆早6号,这与新陆早6号在限量滴灌量条件下根系活力较高有关。同时研究认为,膜下滴灌条件下进行水分调控时,滴水周期应在7-8 d,每次滴水量为25-30 m3·hm-2。更多还原

【Abstract】 The study was conducted in limited soil cylinder cultivation, for evaluating the effect of various levels of water around root zone on charges of cotton root system growth, vigour and yield. The results show that under convention drip irrigation ( which supplies water quantity of 375 m3 · hm-2 which was widely employed in Xinjiang cotton’ s cultivation) soil relativity water content in layer of 0 -40 cm soil was lower than 50% before drip,which resulted in water stress of cotton in some degree. However,after water was applied soil relative water content was maintaining at 70% around. The charges of water suplied had influenced the process of root growth and reduced the root biomass,but the root vigour of soil layer of 40 -100 cm was enhanced , furthermore it decresed slowly at final time growing and through improving distribution ratio of assimilates towards bolls to increse the economic index, high yiled of cotton was ultimately achieved . The differences of response to drip irrigation among varieties were great, Xinluzao 8 Seed yield was higher in convention and sufficiency drip irrigation than Xinluzao 6, however, under limited drip irrigation Xinluzao 8 was significantly lower than Xinluzao 6 which could sustaining higher root vigour. At the same time we suggested that when the adjusting and controling of water was conducted in under-mulch-dip irrigation the dripping cycle should be 7 - 8 days and the dripping quantity should be 25 - 30 m3 · hm-2.更多还原