沙芥传粉生物学研究

【作者】 黄修梅； 郝丽珍； 王萍； 刘杰才； 赵清岩； 霍秀文； 李晓靖； 胡宁宝；

【机构】 内蒙古农业大学农学院；

【摘要】 本文观察了沙芥(P．cornutum．)的开花习性、开花日动态、访花昆虫种类、访花行为及访花频率,并检测了花粉活力和繁育系统。结果表明,沙芥花期为6月25至7月30 日,日开花高峰在沙漠自然生境区是18:00～20:00,在校科技园区试验田是15:00～18:00; 沙芥以异花传粉为主,具有自交不亲和特性;花粉活力从花蕾膨大期到开花后12 h最强,花粉发芽的最适温度是25℃,花粉萌发的有效温度是15～38℃,花粉最适宜储存的条件是低温 (4℃);访花昆虫有:熊蜂、中国切叶蜂、意大利蜂、四条隧蜂、蝇类和蛾类,频率最高的是熊蜂,访问高峰与开花高峰基本一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 Flowering habit, daily flowering dynamic change, and the species, behavior frequency of visiting insects were studied.In addition, vigor of pollen and reproductive system were measured. The results show that p. comutum is in blooming on June 25-July 30, and reaches its full boom in 18 : 00~20: 00 in the desert, 15: 00~18: 00 on the campus; reproductive system mainly is out crosser, not self - incompatible; vigor of pollen can reach highest peak from the biggest flower bud to 24h after blooming; the most congenial temperature of pollen germination is 25 ℃, and effective temperature is 15 ℃ - 38 ℃ ; low temperature is advantage to the storage of pollen; the species of visiting insects have Bombus sp. 、 Megachile chinensis Radoszkowskyu Apis mellifera Linnaeus、 Halictus quadricinctus Fabricius、 Flying and moths, and the most frequently insect is Bombus sp . which visiting peak is according with the full boom of P. comutum.更多还原