【作者】 邵波； 金泰廙； 钱海雷； 吴训伟； 孔庆瑚； 叶葶葶；

【Author】 SHAO Bo JIN Tai-yi, QIAN Hai-lei, WU Xun-wei, KONG Qing-hu, YE Ting-ting (Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China)

【机构】 复旦大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室； 浙江医学科学院环境卫生研究所；

【摘要】 [目的] 根据职业流行病学资料,研究基准剂量(BMD)在制定生物接触限值中的应用。[方法] 两组资料分别选择两地两厂(某冶炼厂和某锌制品厂)职业接触镉的工人为接触组,当地医护人员和商业人员为对照;尿镉(UCd)为接触生物标记物;β2微球蛋白(UBM)、尿N-乙酰-B-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(UNAG)和尿白蛋白(UALB)为效应生物标记物,并均用尿肌酐校正;刚BMDS Version1.3.2软件(EPA.U.S)进行BMD计算。[结果] 按照对照组效应指标的95%上限为正常值上限,求得各效应指标的异常发生率,与尿镉(接触生物标志物)均有剂量效应关系;计算得到BMD和基准剂量的可信限低限水平(BMDL);以UBM为效应指标的生物接触限值为5μg/g肌酐,与WHO推荐值相一致;以UNAG为效应指标的生物接触限值为3μg/g肌酐;基准剂量可应用于制定职业人群的生物接触限值,应用敏感效应生物标记物制定的生物接触限值可更有效地保护职业人群。[结论] 用基准剂量法来制定生物接触限值是可取的;推荐使用更为敏感的效应指标UNAG来确定镉的生物接触限值。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] Based on two sets of data from occupational epidemiology, Benchmark dose(BMD) was applied to estimate biological exposure limit (BEL).[Methods] Cadmium exposed workers were selected from a cadmium smelting and a zinc products factory and control group was selected from doctors or nurses and staff from shops living in the same area; Urinary cadmium (UCd) was used as exposure biomarker and urinary β2 microgloburin(UBM)NAG(UNAG)and albumin(UALB) were as effect biomarkers. All urine parameters were adjusted by urinary creatinine. Software of BMDS (Version 1.3.2 , EPA.U.S) was used to calculate BMD. [Results] Calculated abnormal prevalence was based on the upper limit of 95% of effect biomarkers in control group; There are significant dose response relationship between the prevalence of effect biomarkers(UBM,UNAG and UALB) and exposure biomarker (UCd); BEL was 5μg/g creatinine for UBM as effect biomarker, It consists with the recommendation of WHO; BEL was 3μg/g creatinine for UNAG as effect biomarker; BEL can be estimated by using the method of BMD; the more sensitive biomarker would used, the more occupational people would protected. [Conclusion] The application of BMD in estimating biological exposure limit (BEL) is proper. UNAG is suggested as most sensitive biomarker to be used to estimate BEL for cadmium exposure.更多还原