【作者】 郑小兵； 张黎明； 吴浩宇； 章骏平； 李双； 王骥；

【Author】 ZHENG Xiao bing, ZHANG Li ming, WU Hao yu, ZHANG Jun ping, LI Shuang, WANG Ji ( Anhui Institute of Optics and Precision Machinery, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031, China)

【机构】 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所；

【摘要】 辐射定标是光学遥感信息定量化的关键技术之一,它的主要作用体现在:(1)在工程研制到在轨运行的全过程中,确定和评估传感器的绝对响应;(2)建立不同平台、不同传感器的辐射量基准,保证相关时间和空间尺度下获得的地球物理数据可以相互比对、转换和融合;(3)通过动态监测,校正传感器的性能衰变,修正大气、照明条件和环境变化等对测量结果的影响,保证测量结果真实反映目标和背景的特征。结合我国空间光学传感器的发展要求,提出了实验室、星上和场地替代辐射定标的实施方案建议。实验室定标的主要作用是建立传感器的输出和已知的、用SI单位表述的入射辐射量之间的定量关系,星上定标能够长期地监测传感器响应的衰变,而场地替代定标可以验证传感器的辐射响应并进行多个传感器的交叉定标。通过这3 种独立的定标手段的相互验证和比较,能够有效地提高环境光学遥感信息的定量化水平,保证卫星数据的质量。在综述和比较国内外先进辐射定标技术的基础上,提出采用标准探测器和标准辐射源相融合的辐射定标基本途径,来实现卫星传感器3个阶段的辐射定标,并讨论了技术实现的方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 The radiometric calibration is one of critical techniques for information quantifcation of optical remote sensing. Its main functions include (1) to determine and evaluate the absolute responsivities of satellite sensors in its whole process from sensor design to on orbit operation; (2) to establish radiometric standard for different sensors and platforms to ensure the comparison, conversion and merging between different geophysical data at related space and time scales; and (3) to correct the degradation of sensor and the effects of atmosphere, illumination condition and environmental changes on surveyed results by means of dynamic monitoring and to ensure that the surveyed results can reflect the real characteristics of targets and backgrounds. In this paper, the implementation schemes of laboratory, on board and ground ricarious radiometric calibrations for Chinese spaceborne sensors are proposed. The laboratory calibration can establish the quantitative relationship between the sensor output and the known incident radiation, the on board calibration can monitor the long term degradation of satellite sensors, and the ground vicarious calibration can validate the radiant responsivities of sensors and make cross calibration between several sensors. The three independent calibration measures can effectively improve the quantification of environmental optical remote sensing information and ensure the quality of satellite data. Based on the comparison between various advanced radiometric calibration techniques, the method to integrate the standard detector based and standard radiant source based radiometric calibration schemes is suggested, and the technical implementation schemes are also discussed.更多还原