【作者】 S.R.Flosagoudar； 靳远祥； 陈玉银；

【Author】 Hosagoudar S.R. Jin Yuanxiang Chen Yuyin (Department of Sericulture and Apiculture, Zhejiang University. Hangzhou 310029, China )

【机构】 浙江大学动科院蚕蜂科学系；

【摘要】 本次试验主要研究了氟对几个杂交种(秋丰×白玉、菁松×皓月和春华×秋实)和原种(浙农1号、苏12、菁松和皓月)的生长发育和经济性状的影响.试验设计为对秋丰×白玉、菁松×皓月两个杂交种从三龄起蚕用不同浓度的NaF添食一个龄期,添食NaF离子浓度分别为秋丰×白玉(20ppm、30ppm、50ppm和70ppm)菁松×皓月(15ppm、20ppm、30ppm和50ppm),而秋丰×白玉、春华×秋实、浙农1号、苏12、菁松和皓月则从五龄起蚕开始添食,添食浓度为30ppm.所有处理桑叶都取样烘干测实际含氟量.试验结果表明期三龄期低氟对耐氟性强的杂交种影响除龄期稍有所延长外,茧层量和茧层率也略有降低,但差别不大,对其它的经济性状的影响不大.但就对氟敏感的品种来说,低浓度的氟对家蚕的生长发育和经济性状影响较大,龄期经过大幅度延长,当添食氟浓度达到20ppm时就与对照有极显著差异,当添食氟浓度达到50ppm时菁松×皓月添食96小时后几乎全部死亡.当氟浓度达到30ppm时对幼虫生命率和各项经济性状影响极为显著.试验还表明杂交种和原种的耐氟性不向从而添食氟对它们产生的影响也个一样.低浓度氟对杂交种的各项经济性状的影响较小,而对原种的影响较大,如菁松和皓月的结茧率和生命率都大大低于和高于对照区,而其它性状如茧层量、全茧量、茧层率都低于或显著低于对照区.添食后两杂交种各项性状的差异不明显,而原种则以菁松的成绩最好.更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of low concentration fluoride on 3rd instar for different concentration and fifth instar for one concentration for different varieties for growth, development and cocoon characters were studied by artificial administration of fluoride. It was found that early instar toxicant larvae shows increase in larval duration, 3rd instar duration and variation in moulting. The 50mgkg-1for sensitive variety affected in 100% mortality. Larvae could be recovered and develop normally by early diagnosing and feeding good leaves further. And early instar toxicity effect was more in sensitive variety Jinshong × Haoyue than resistant variety Qiufeng X Baiyu, no significant harmful effect on cocoon characters was noticed. Different varieties for a given low concentration resulted in decrease in cocooning rate in sensitive varieties. Increase in cocoon weight and shell weight in some varieties (Shu-12 and Zhenong-1) among treated varieties was resulted. These findings indicate that early toxicity can be recovered and low concentration may have some positive effect on cocoon characters.更多还原