【作者】 王翠英；

【Author】 WANG Cui-ying Xiamen University and Powerlong Battery Research Institute. Inc., Department of Chemistry, Xiamen, 361005, China

【机构】 厦门大学化学系；

【摘要】 采用一种新型交流电沉积法制备多种金属氧化物纳米材料并对其粒子形貌进行控制.由x-ray光电子衍射图（XRD）和透射电子显微分析（TEM）得到:所得纳米材料的物相和形貌与试验条件如金属电极材料的种类和规格以及电解液的组分等都有非常密切的关系.以1mol/lNaCl为电解液,在100V电压下,采用直径为1cm的金属丝如铁,铝,镁等为电极得到Fe₃O₄,Al（OOH）和Mg（OH）等金属氧化物和氢氧化物纳米材料具有明显不同的形貌,Fe₃O₄大部分为球形纳米粒子,Al（OOH）为纤维状,Mg（OH）₂大部分为管状.当电极两端的电压为100V时,直径为2mm的金属铁丝在1mol/l KCl电解液中进行交流电沉积反应得到的Fe₃O₄纳米粒子大部分为“十字架”形（cross-like）,电解液换为1mol/l NaCl水溶液时得到的Fe₃O₄纳米粒子大部分却为“棒”状（rod-like）.本文分析了产物的生成机理,并提出不同条件下产物的形貌显著不同可能是因为不同试验条件下的不同物相的生长习性不同及同种物相在生成过程中对应在电极和电解液的固液界面成核和生长的微观环境不同.更多还原

【Abstract】 A variety of metal oxide nanomaterials were synthesized by an novel arc-discharge method in an aqueouselectrolyte, with different metal electrodes. The morphologies of the obtained nanomaterials were controlledsuccessfully From the results of XRD and TEM, it is obvious that the morphologies of the obtained products wereclosed related to the experimental conditions such as: the composition of the electrode materials, the size of theelectrode materials and the composition of the electrolyte. The obtained Fe₃O₄, Al（OOH） and Mg（OH） correspondingto the Fe, Al and Mg electrodes with the 1mm diameter under 100v voltage in 1mol/L NaCl solution have differentmorphologies. Most of the Fe₃O₄ is spherical, the Al（OOH） is nanofibers and most of the Mg（OH） were nanotubes.The obtained Fe₃O₄ corresponding to the Fe electrodes with the 2mm diameter under 100v voltage was rod-like in1mol/L NaCl solution and cross-like in 1mol/L KCl solution.更多还原