【作者】 王琛；

【导师】 周勤；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 应用经济学， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 数字经济时代,数据要素作为新型生产要素正深刻重构企业竞争范式。本文聚焦数据要素对产品差异化的影响进行理论分析与实证检验,旨在揭示数据要素影响企业差异化竞争的内在规律。本文突破了传统产业组织理论范式,创新性构建了融合数据要素与二维产品特征空间的产品差异化理论框架,揭示了数据要素通过企业创新从而提升产品差异化的传导逻辑,并利用数值模拟的方法对分析结果进行了验证。实证方法层面,开发了基于神经网络模型、TF-IDF算法和企业年报文本分析的数据要素和产品差异化程度测度指标,建立了多维面板交互固定效应模型,对数据要素影响企业产品差异化的作用机制进行了实证检验,并进一步验证了数据要素的效率提升效应和创新溢出效应,以及企业内部特征和外部环境的异质性影响。研究发现,数据要素能够显著提升企业的产品差异化程度,其作用来源主要来自于数据要素的计算管理和流通应用;数据要素通过增强企业创新实现产品差异化程度的提高,在创新过程中主要通过渐进式创新发挥作用;在数据要素的创新驱动机制中,存在效率提升和创新溢出的双重效应;数据要素的产品差异化提升作用存在显著的异质性,其表现在企业规模和产权性质、行业竞争和行业类型以及地区分布、数字基建和政策关注等方面。研究结论表明数据要素通过重构知识生产函数与产品特征质量分布,重塑了企业的市场竞争行为和价值创造过程。本文的创造性成果体现在,理论上创新构建了包含数据要素的二维产品特征空间下的产品差异化模型,突破了传统产品差异化理论的分析框架;方法上构建了基于神经网络模型、TF-IDF算法和文本分析的数据要素和产品差异化测度指标,并验证了两者间的因果关系和作用机制;实践层面为构建数据驱动的企业竞争新范式提供理论依据与策略工具,对完善数据要素市场化配置机制、反垄断规制等政策制定具有重要参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of the digital economy,data elements as a new type of production factor are profoundly reconstructing the competitive paradigm of enterprises.This paper focuses on the theoretical analysis and empirical testing of the impact of data elements on product differentiation,aiming to reveal the inherent laws of data elements affecting corporate differentiated competition.This paper breaks through the traditional industrial organization theory paradigm and innovatively constructs a product differentiation theoretical framework that integrates data elements with two-dimensional product feature space,revealing the transmission logic of data elements enhancing product differentiation through corporate innovation,and verifying the analysis results using numerical simulation methods.On the empirical method level,we developed data element and product differentiation degree measurement indicators based on neural network models,TF-IDF algorithms,and corporate annual report text analysis,established a multi-dimensional panel interactive fixed-effect model,and conducted empirical tests on the mechanism of data elements affecting corporate product differentiation,further verifying the efficiency improvement effect and innovation spillover effect of data elements,as well as the heterogeneous impact of internal corporate characteristics and external environments.The study finds that data elements can significantly enhance the degree of product differentiation for enterprises,with the main source of this effect coming from the computational management and circulation application of data elements.Data elements increase the degree of product differentiation by enhancing enterprise innovation,mainly playing a role through incremental innovation in the innovation process.In the innovation drive mechanism of data elements,there are dual effects of efficiency improvement and innovation spillover.The role of data elements in enhancing product differentiation shows significant heterogeneity,reflected in aspects such as enterprise size and ownership structure,industry competition and industry type,as well as regional distribution,digital infrastructure,and policy attention.The research conclusion indicates that data elements reconstruct the knowledge production function and product feature quality distribution,reshaping the market competition behavior and value creation process of enterprises.The creative achievements of this paper are reflected in the theoretical innovation of constructing a product differentiation model under a two-dimensional product feature space that includes data elements,breaking through the analytical framework of traditional product differentiation theory.Methodologically,it builds measurement indices for data elements and product differentiation based on neural network models,the TF-IDF algorithm,and text analysis,and verifies the causal relationship and mechanism of action between the two.At the practical level,it provides a theoretical basis and strategic tools for building a data-driven new paradigm of corporate competition,and has important reference value for improving the market allocation mechanism of data elements and antitrust regulation policy formulation.更多还原