【作者】 刘鹏；

【导师】 李建强；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 动力工程及工程热物理， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国低碳转型发展与“碳达峰、碳中合”目标的驱动下,能够实现多种能源耦合与能源时空协调利用的综合能源系统(Integrated Energy System,IES)已经成为能源电力领域的重点研究,尤其是IES的低碳经济协同优化领域。本文围绕IES低碳经济优化调度问题,通过耦合阶梯式碳交易、需求侧多元柔性负荷、电转气(Power-to-Gas,P2G)技术与碳捕集与封存(Carbon Capture and Storage,CCS)技术等分别从源荷侧提出了多维度协同的IES优化调度策略,旨在提高系统的能源利用率、经济性并降低碳排放量。主要研究内容如下:(1)建立了详细的电-热-气-氢多能耦合的IES结构,提出了掺氢燃气轮机变工况动态模型、掺氢燃气锅炉及包括自损系数的储电、储热、储氢多类型储能系统的精细化动态模型。此外,采用了基于拉丁超立方抽样(Latin Hypercube Sampling,LHS)的场景生成法与基于Kantorovich距离的场景削减法处理了IES中风电出力的不确定性,同时建立了碳排放权初始配额模型、实际碳排放模型、阶梯式碳交易模型,分析了碳交易机制与IES的动态响应机制。(2)从需求侧出发,提出了阶梯式碳交易与多元柔性负荷协同的IES优化调度策略,通过分析系统需求侧的可转移、可平移、可削减电负荷与可平移、可削减热负荷的响应特性,以最低总运行成本为目标,构建了考虑阶梯式碳交易机制与多元柔性负荷协同的IES优化调度模型。选用华北地区某综合能源系统为例进行算例分析,结果表明,该策略能够减少43 MW电负荷差,减少49 MW热负荷差,并减少了37.93万元的系统运行成本与570 t碳排放量,验证了多元柔性负荷对IES低碳经济优化运行的增益效果以及对负荷的削峰填谷的优化作用。(3)从发电侧出发,设计了一种两段式P2G-CCS系统与阶梯式碳交易协同的IES结构,通过耦合两段式P2G与储液式CCS实现了系统碳循环利用,通过利用多元柔性负荷优化后的负荷需求进行算例分析。结果表明,本文所设计的模型可使系统总成本降低83.53万元,弃风量减少828.698 MW,且优化效果优于传统碳交易机制。结果验证了该耦合模式有效的缓解可再生能源的波动性与碳排放约束间的矛盾。最后,详细分析了阶梯式碳交易机制中碳交易基价λ、碳配额区间L、价格增长率α等关键参数对含氢的P2G-CCS协同IES优化运行耦合影响规律。更多还原

【Abstract】 Driven by China’s low-carbon transformation development and the goal of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality",the Integrated Energy System(IES)that enables multi-energy coupling and coordinated utilization of energy in time and space has become a key research area in the energy and power sector,particularly in the field of low-carbon economic collaborative optimization of IES.Focusing on the problem of low-carbon economic optimal dispatch of IES,this thesis proposes a multi-dimensional collaborative IES optimal dispatch strategy from both the source and load sides by coupling stepped carbon trading,demand-side multi-flexible loads,Power-to-Gas(P2G)technology,and Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS)technology,aiming to improve the system’s energy utilization efficiency,economy,and reduce carbon emissions.The main research contents are as follows:(1)A comprehensive electro-thermal-gas-hydrogen coupled IES framework is established,incorporating refined dynamic models including variable-condition hydrogen-blended gas turbines,hydrogen-blended gas boilers,and multi-type energy storage systems with self-loss coefficients for electricity/thermal/hydrogen storage.To address wind power uncertainty,Latin Hypercube Sampling(LHS)combined with Kantorovich distance-based scenario reduction is implemented.Furthermore,a carbon emission rights allocation mechanism is developed,encompassing initial quota modeling,actual carbon emission quantification,and stepped carbon trading framework,with an analytical investigation of the dynamic response between carbon market mechanisms and IES operations.(2)From the demand side,a collaborative IES optimal dispatch strategy combining stepped carbon trading and multi-flexible loads is proposed.By analyzing the response characteristics of transferable,shiftable,and reducible electrical loads as well as shiftable and reducible thermal loads on the demand side,an IES optimal dispatch model considering the stepped carbon trading mechanism and multi-flexible loads collaboration is constructed with the objective of minimizing the total operating cost.A case study of an IES in North China is conducted,and the results show that this strategy can reduce the electrical load difference by 43 MW,the thermal load difference by 49 MW,the system operating cost by 379,300 yuan,and carbon emissions by 570 tons.This verifies the beneficial effect of multi-flexible loads on the low-carbon economic optimal operation of IES and their peak-shaving and valley-filling optimization role for demand-side loads.(3)From the power generation side,a two-stage P2G-CCS system collaborative IES structure is designed.By coupling the two-stage P2G with liquid-storage CCS,carbon recycling within the system is achieved.A case study is conducted using the optimized load demand after multi-flexible load optimization.The results show that the proposed model can reduce the total system cost by 835,300 yuan and the wind power curtailment by 828.698 MW,with an optimization effect superior to the traditional carbon trading mechanism.The results verify that this coupling mode effectively alleviates the contradiction between renewable energy volatility and carbon emission constraints.Finally,the coupling influence of key parameters such as the carbon trading base price(λ),carbon allowance interval(L),and price growth rate(α)in the stepped carbon trading mechanism on the optimal operation of the hydrogen-containing P2G-CCS collaborative IES is analyzed in detail.更多还原