【作者】 沈冉；

【导师】 陈殿林；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 马克思主义理论， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 劳动模范是生产建设中成绩显著的劳动者,是劳动人民的典范。新中国成立后,选树劳动模范、召开表彰大会作为一种制度被确立下来且不断完善。系统回顾新中国成立以来的全国劳模表彰大会,总结劳模选树的经验,有助于完善劳动模范的选拔和管理制度,同时能够发挥劳模的榜样示范作用,激发广大劳动人民积极向上的精神,凝聚实现中国梦的磅礴伟力。新中国成立至今共召开了十六次全国劳模表彰大会,在不同的历史时期,劳动模范群体呈现出不同的特点。社会主义革命和建设时期,劳动模范在形象上以吃苦耐劳、增产节约,带动群众、集体至上,感恩党和国家、心系祖国建设为主。改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期,劳动模范的形象体现为创先争优、实干至上,勤奋学习、刻苦钻研,思想解放、敢为人先以及拥有高度的主人翁责任感。进入中国特色社会新时代,劳模以开拓创新、人民至上的形象出现在大众视野,其多样性趋势愈加明显。自新中国成立以来,劳动模范群体的变化显著。从形象上来看,劳动模范的形象由单一化向多元化转变;从可学性来说,从难以被群众模仿发展到易于学习;从创新能力上看,劳动模范的创新能力由较弱逐步增强;从劳动形式上说,由主要依赖体力劳动转变为更多依赖脑力劳动;此外,劳动模范的职业领域也不断拓宽。这些变化不仅与时代的发展趋势相契合,也与劳动结构的转型相适应,同时也和党和国家政策导向的主动调适相呼应。党和国家持续推进劳模评选工作,发挥其典型示范效应,形成了一些基本经验,包括根本政治保障在于党和政府的高度重视,核心环节在于明确劳模选树标准,必要条件在于规范劳模选树程序,关键支撑在于形成制度化劳模管理体系。基于此,新时代的劳模选树要始终围绕党的中心任务,始终坚持人民主体地位,筑牢政治基础。在劳模选树和管理上,不断更新劳模选树标准,促进劳模队伍构成多样化,要完善劳模管理制度,加强对劳模的培养和教育。在劳模宣传方面,要积极宣传劳模示范作用,加大其典型事迹的宣传力度,形成正确的舆论导向;要大力弘扬劳模精神,激发人民群众热情,不断推进新时代劳模工作的发展完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 Labor models are workers who have made remarkable achievements in production and construction,and they are also the role models of the working people.After the founding of New China,the selection of labor models and the holding of commendation congresses were established and improved as a system.A systematic review of the National Commendation Congresses for Labor Models since the founding of New China and a summary of the experience in selecting and cultivating labor models will help improve the system of selecting and cultivating labor models.At the same time,it will be able to give full play to the exemplary role of labor models,inspire the spirit of the majority of working people,and gather the majestic strength to realize the Chinese dream.Since the founding of New China,a total of sixteen national commendation congresses for labor models have been held.In different historical periods,the group of labor models has shown different characteristics.In the period of socialist revolution and construction,the image of labor models were hard work and perseverance,production and saving,driving the masses,collective supremacy,gratitude to the Party and the country,and concern for building the motherland.In the new period of reform,opening up and socialist modernization,the image of labor models were striving for excellence and practical work,diligent study and hard work,emancipation of ideas,daring to be the first and having a high sense of responsibility for mastery.With the dawn of the new era of society with Chinese characteristics,labor models have appeared in the public eye with the image of pioneering and innovative,people first,and the trend of diversity of labor models has become more and more obvious.Since the founding of New China,the labor model group has undergone remarkable changes.In terms of image,the image of labor models has changed from monotonous to diversified;in terms of learnability,it has developed from being difficult to be imitated by the masses to being easy to learn;in terms of innovation ability,the innovation ability of labor models has gradually strengthened from being weak;in terms of work form,it has changed from relying mainly on physical work to relying more on mental work;and in addition,the professional fields of labor models have continued to expand.These changes are not only in line with the development trend of the times and the transformation of the work structure,but also reflect the proactive adjustment of the Party and State’s political orientation.The Party and the State have continued to promote the selection of labor models,giving full play to their typical and exemplary effects,and have accumulated some basic experience.The main points are as follows:the basic political guarantee lies in the great importance attached to it by the Party and the Government,the core link lies in the clarification of the criteria for selecting labor models,the necessary condition lies in the standardization of the procedures for selecting labor models,and the key support lies in the formation of an institutionalized management system for labor models.On this basis,the selection of labor models in the new era should always focus on the central task of the Party,always adhere to the main position of the people,and lay a solid political foundation.In the selection and management of labor models,the criteria for selecting labor models should be constantly updated to promote the diversification of the composition of the labor modelsr team.The management system of labor models should be improved,and the training and education of labor models should be strengthened.In the propaganda of labor models,it is necessary to actively publicize the exemplary role of labor models,increase the publicity of their typical deeds,and form a correct orientation of public opinion;it is necessary to vigorously carry forward the spirit of labor models,inspire people’s enthusiasm to devote themselves to the construction of socialist modernization,and push forward the development and improvement of the work of labor models in the new era.更多还原