【作者】 谭芳；

【导师】 杨清望；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 法理学， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 人权问题一直是一个具有时代性和普遍性的议题。在全球人权治理面临复杂挑战的背景下,探讨中国传统仁爱思想所蕴含的人权意涵及其现代转化,具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。中国传统仁爱思想以“仁”和“爱”为核心,其内涵既具有伦理价值,也包含法理意蕴。从人际关系来看,仁爱思想强调个体之间的相互尊重和关怀,体现了人权的道德基础;从人与国家的关系来看,仁爱思想则主张国家对人民的责任,包含了对权利的保障义务。这种思想在人权领域展现了独特的本体论基础,既关注个体权利,也强调责任与义务的平衡。但是,中国传统仁爱思想与当代人权价值之间也存在一定的张力。在人权命题的逻辑起点层面,仁爱思想基于“差序人格”,强调责任先于权利,以及集体优先于个体的价值观;而当代国际人权规范则以“普遍人格”为基础,突出权利至上的原则。在权利体系的结构层面,仁爱思想更多关注权利与义务的整体性和关联性,而当代人权规范则倾向于权利内容的独立性和多样化。在国家义务的载体形式方面,仁爱思想注重国家义务的伦理性和道德性,而当代规范则更强调义务的法律性质和制度化形式。正是基于这种差异,中国传统仁爱思想在人权领域的现代转化成为研究的核心问题。仁爱思想通过对权利命题的现代提炼,可以构建具有中国特色的权利体系,创新国家义务的实现范式。具言之,在国家尊重义务中引入承认义务的制度化路径,在国家保障义务中强调国家与个人的双向互动。这种现代转化不仅能够丰富人权理论,还能为全球人权治理注入新的理念。总之,中国传统仁爱思想作为优秀传统文化,其所蕴含的丰富人权意涵为新时代人权理论与实践提供了深厚的文化资源。推动中国传统仁爱思想的创造性转化和创新性发展,实现仁爱思想与当代人权理论的深度融合,能够为全球人权事业和人权理论的发展贡献中国智慧和解决方案,推动人权治理的包容性与合理性,并促进全球人权文明的进步。在未来,需进一步推动仁爱思想的传播和实践,通过教育、文化交流等多种途径,提升其国际影响力,为全球人权治理提供更多可能性。(正文共62352字,参考文献95篇)更多还原

【Abstract】 The issue of human rights has always been an epochal and universal one.Under the background of global human rights governance facing complex challenges,it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to explore the human rights connotation and modern transformation of Chinese traditional benevolence thought.The core of Chinese traditional benevolence thought is“Benevolence”and“Love”.Its connotation not only has ethical value,but also contains legal implication.From the perspective of human relations,benevolence emphasizes mutual respect and care between individuals,which embodies the moral foundation of human rights;from the perspective of the relationship between man and the state,benevolence advocates the state’s responsibility to the people,including the obligation to protect the rights.In the field of human rights,this thought shows a unique ontological basis,which not only pays attention to individual rights,but also emphasizes the balance between responsibilities and obligations.However,there is some tension between the traditional Chinese benevolence thought and the contemporary value of human rights.At the logical starting point of the proposition of human rights,benevolence thought is based on“Differential personality”,emphasizing the value of responsibility prior to rights and collective prior to individual;But the contemporary international human rights norm take“The universal personality”as the foundation,highlights the right supreme principle.At the structural level of the right system,benevolence pays more attention to the integrity and relevance of rights and obligations,while contemporary human rights norms tend to be independent and diversified in the content of rights.In terms of the carrier form of state obligations,benevolence pays attention to the ethical and moral nature of state obligations,while contemporary norms emphasize the legal nature and institutionalized form of obligations.Based on this difference,the modern transformation of Chinese traditional benevolence thought in the field of human rights has become the core issue of the study.Through the modern refinement of the right proposition,benevolence thought can construct the right system with Chinese characteristics and innovate the realization paradigm of state obligations.In other words,we should introduce the institutionalization of the obligation of recognition into the state’s obligation to respect,and emphasize the two-way interaction between the state and the individual in the state’s obligation to guarantee.This modern transformation can not only enrich the theory of human rights,but also inject new ideas into global human rights governance.In short,as an excellent traditional culture,Chinese traditional benevolence thought contains rich human rights connotation,which provides profound cultural resources for the theory and practice of human rights in the new era.Promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese traditional benevolence thought,and realize the deep integration of benevolence thought and contemporary human rights theory,it can contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to the development of global human rights cause and human rights theory,promote the inclusiveness and rationality of human rights governance,and promote the progress of global human rights civilization.In the future,it is necessary to further promote the dissemination and practice of benevolence,enhance its international influence through education,cultural exchanges and other ways,and provide more possibilities for global human rights governance.更多还原