【作者】 刘静；

【导师】 王兴超； 丁玮；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 应用心理， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 2022年党的二十大报告将家庭家教家风建设纳入社会治理体系。家庭作为动态的生态系统,其互动模式对个体认知、情绪情感和行为的发展至关重要,因此探索青少年家庭不文明行为及其消极影响意义重大。中国互联网络信息中心(CNNIC)发布的第54次统计报告显示,“触网”人数持续上升,截至2024年,我国新增网民742万人,其中青少年占49.0%,整体网民规模近11亿人,互联网普及率达78.0%,且短视频成为新增网民“触网”的重要应用,在新增网民中占比达37.3%,所以探索青少年问题性短视频使用及其影响因素也很重要。以往研究多关注家庭因素与网络成瘾的关系,却忽视了家庭不文明行为这一慢性压力以及短视频这一新型互联网问题性应用,对两者关系及影响机制的探讨较少。虽有少数研究发现家庭压力因素与问题性短视频使用呈显著正相关,但因其基于横断设计,无法检验二者关系的跨时间稳定性,也限制了探索变量间纵向关系的可能。因此,本研究将通过一项间隔三个月的短期纵向调查,基于交叉滞后模型,全面探讨家庭不文明行为对青少年问题性短视频使用的纵向影响、这二者间的双向关系,以及其内在机制与边界条件。本研究以班级为单位对山西省临汾市和长治市1253名13-17岁青少年进行了两次时隔3个月的追踪调查,采用家庭不文明行为量表、负性情绪量表和问题性短视频使用量表以及自尊量表对参与者的现状进行调查。通过SPSS 27.0和Mplus 8.3进行数据统计分析。结果显示如下:(1)家庭不文明行为能够显著正向预测青少年问题性短视频使用。(2)家庭不文明行为能够边缘显著正向预测青少年的负性情绪;负性情绪能够显著正向预测青少年的家庭不文明行为,二者之间存在双向关系。(3)负性情绪能够显著正向预测青少年问题性短视频使用。(4)负性情绪在家庭不文明行为和青少年的问题性短视频使用之间的纵向中介效应不显著。(5)学段在问题性短视频使用对青少年家庭不文明行为、负性情绪对青少年家庭不文明行为的纵向预测关系中起调节作用。与学段较高的青少年相比,学段较低的青少年群体,负性情绪对家庭不文明行为的正向预测作用更弱;与学段较低的青少年相比,较高学段的青少年,问题性短视频使用对家庭不文明行为的正向预测作用更弱。(6)寄宿在负性情绪对青少年家庭不文明行为的纵向预测关系中起调节作用。与非寄宿青少年相比,寄宿组的青少年群体,负性情绪对家庭不文明行为的正向预测作用更弱。(7)性别在家庭不文明行为、负性情绪、问题性短视频使用之间纵向关系中的调节作用不显著。(8)自尊在家庭不文明行为、负性情绪、问题性短视频使用之间纵向关系中的调节作用不显著。本研究探讨了青少年问题性短视频使用与家庭不文明行为二者间的关系,检验了其内在机制,证明了家庭不文明行为和青少年负性情绪是相互促进的恶性循环关系,学段、寄宿、自尊和性别在其中的调节作用,发现了进行针对性干预的角度,为家庭不文明行为和青少年问题性短视频使用的预防和干预提供了对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In 2022,General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in the report of the 20th Party Congress that“the construction of family education and family culture should be strengthened”.As a dynamic ecosystem,the family is crucial to the development of individual cognition,emotions,feelings and behaviors,so it is significant to explore the family incivility of adolescent and their negative impacts.The 54th statistical report released by China Internet Network Information Center(CNNIC)shows that the number of people“touching the Internet”continues to rise,and as of 2024,there will be 7.42 million new Internet users in China,of which youths will account for49.0%,with an overall size of nearly 1.1 billion Internet users,and the Internet penetration rate will reach 78.0%,and short videos will become a major part of the Internet culture in China.Short video has become an important application for new Internet users to“touch the Internet”,accounting for 37.3%of the new Internet users,so it is important to explore the problematic short video use among adolescents and its influencing factors.Previous studies have focused on the relationship between family factors and Internet addiction,but neglected the chronic pressure of family incivility and the new Internet problematic application of short video,and explored the relationship between the two and the influence mechanism less.Although a few studies have found a significant positive correlation between family stressors and problematic short video use,they are based on cross sectional designs that cannot test the stability of the relationship across time and limit the possibility of exploring the longitudinal relationship between the variables.Therefore,this study will comprehensively explore the longitudinal effects of family incivility on adolescents’problematic short video use,the bidirectional relationship between the two,and examine the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions through a short-term longitudinal survey with a three month interval based on a cross lagged model.In this study,two follow up surveys were conducted in Linfen City and Changzhi City,Shanxi Province,on 1,253 adolescents aged 13-17 years old in two 3-month intervals by class,and the current status of the participants was investigated by using the Family Uncivilized Incivility Scale,Negative Emotions Scale,and Problematic Short-Video Usage Scale,as well as the Self-Esteem Scale.Data were statistically analyzed through SPSS 27.0 and Mplus 8.3.The results showed the following:(1)Family incivility can significantly and positively predict adolescents’problematic short video use.(2)Family incivility can edge significantly positively predict adolescents’negative emotions;negative emotions can significantly positively predict adolescents’family incivility,and there is a bidirectional relationship between the two.(3)Negative emotions can significantly and positively predict adolescents’problematic short video use.(4)the longitudinal mediating effect of negative emotions between family incivility and adolescents’problematic short video use was not significant.(5)Educational stages level moderated the longitudinal predictive relationships between negative emotions on adolescents’family incivility and problematic short video use on adolescents’family incivility.Compared to adolescents in higher educational stages levels,the positive predictive effect of negative emotions on family incivility was weaker in the group of adolescents with lower educational stages levels,and compared to adolescents in lower educational stages levels,the positive predictive effect of problematic short video use on family incivility was weaker in the group of adolescents with higher educational stages levels.(6)Boarding plays a moderating role in the longitudinal predictive relationship of negative emotions on adolescents’family incivility.The positive predictive effect of negative emotions on family incivility was weaker for the group of adolescents in the boarding group compared to the group of non-boarding adolescents.(7)The moderating role of gender in the longitudinal relationship between family incivility,negative emotions,and problematic short video use was not significant.(8)Self-esteem was not significant in moderating the longitudinal relationship among family incivility,negative emotions,and problematic short video use.This study explored the relationship between adolescents’problematic short video use and family incivility,tested the underlying mechanisms,proved that family incivility and adolescents’negative emotions are mutually reinforcing vicious circle relationships,the moderating roles of educational stages level,boarding,self-esteem,and gender,and discovered the perspectives for targeted interventions,which provide countermeasure suggestions for the prevention of and intervention in family incivility and adolescents’problematic short video use.interventions,and provides recommendations for countermeasures.更多还原