【作者】 王博；

【导师】 海洪；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳建筑大学 ， 土木工程（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 “负泊松比”材料作为先进轻质蜂窝材料的代表之一,由于其独特的变形机制和巨大的吸能潜力,在结构防护、航空航天、车辆、生物医学等领域均有良好的应用前景。近年来,车辆撞击桥墩的事件频发,不仅严重威胁到桥梁结构的完整性和安全性,还常常导致交通中断,影响公众出行,甚至造成重大的人员伤亡和财产损失。本文提出了一种具有负泊松比(NPR)效应的二维非对称风车式负泊松比组合蜂窝(AWH),并探讨在土木工程桥墩防护领域的应用。主要研究内容为:(1)通过轴向压缩实验和数值仿真系统地研究了这种新型结构的压缩特性。实验结果验证了该有限元模型的准确性和适用性,结果表明,旋转排列的形状和稳定的三角形内部设计使其具有显著高于传统的对称内凹六边形结构(SRH)的能量吸收能力。(2)通过正交仿真试验进一步分析了不对称单胞凹入点的高度、宽度和胞元间隔在不同压缩条件下对AWH压缩特性的影响。这些工作为负泊松比材料的设计及吸能应用提供了一定的理论基础,表明AWH具有优异的力学性能和广阔的应用前景。(3)为进一步研究非对称风车式负泊松比组合蜂窝结构,通过研究AWH的5种演变构型,并最终与传统对称内凹六边形蜂窝SRH结构对比,揭示AWH的非对称风车式结构设计的优异性能。(4)将AWH结构应用于桥墩防撞系统,并与传统内凹防护结构及无防护结构的情况进行了对比。结果显示,AWH防护结构与传统防护结构在保护桥墩方面具有不同的优异性能,能够有效降低碰撞力并提升能量吸收能力。基于这些研究结果,本文为负泊松比材料在交通安全防护中的应用提供了重要的理论支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the representatives of advanced lightweight honeycomb materials,"negative Poisson’s ratio"(NPR)materials exhibit unique deformation mechanisms and excellent energy absorption potential.These characteristics make them highly promising for applications in structural protection,aerospace,vehicles,biomedical engineering,and other fields.In recent years,vehicle collisions with bridge piers have occurred frequently,posing severe threats to the structural integrity and safety of bridges.Such incidents often lead to traffic disruptions,impacting public transportation and even causing significant casualties and property damage.This study proposes a novel two-dimensional asymmetric windmill-type negative Poisson’s ratio(AWH)composite honeycomb structure with NPR effects and explores its application in bridge pier protection in civil engineering.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The compressive properties of this novel structure were systematically studied through axial compression experiments and simulations.The experimental results validated the accuracy and applicability of the finite element model.The results indicate that the rotational arrangement and stable triangular internal design endow AWH with significantly higher energy absorption capacity than the traditional symmetric re-entrant hexagonal(SRH)structure.(2)Orthogonal simulation experiments were conducted to further analyze the influence of the height and width of asymmetric unit cell re-entrant points and cell spacing on AWH’s compressive properties under different compression conditions.These studies provide a theoretical foundation for the design and energy absorption applications of NPR materials,demonstrating the excellent mechanical performance and broad application prospects of AWH.(3)To further investigate the asymmetric windmill-type NPR composite honeycomb structure,five evolutionary configurations of AWH were studied.The performance of AWH was then compared with the traditional symmetric re-entrant hexagonal honeycomb(SRH)structure,revealing the superior mechanical properties of the asymmetric windmill-type design.(4)The AWH structure was applied to bridge pier anti-collision systems and compared with both traditional protective structures and unprotected structures.The results showed that the AWH protective structure exhibits distinct advantages over conventional protection systems in mitigating collision forces and enhancing energy absorption capacity.Based on these findings,this study provides critical theoretical support for the application of NPR materials in traffic safety protection.更多还原