【作者】 李博；

【导师】 任继勤；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 工程管理（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【副题名】以张家口市为例

【摘要】 矿产资源开发与利用为社会发展提供了重要支持,但受环保意识淡薄、开发方式粗放等因素影响,大规模的矿山开采活动留下了大量废弃矿山,形成了严重视觉污染和局部地质环境破坏,亟需治理和建立科学系统的废弃矿山修复效益评价模式,以提升修复项目成效、助力矿山绿色低碳循环发展,为矿区未来可持续发展提供新思路、注入新动能。本研究以废弃矿山地质环境修复效益评价为主题。首先,基于三重底线理论、可持续发展理论及循环经济理论,阐述相关理论在矿山修复中的应用,综述了研究的理论基础。其次,在研究方法上,通过文献研究、典型案例分析与研究热点剖析,全面梳理影响效益评价的相关指标;从国家生态安全战略新格局的角度,创新性地引入可持续发展指标,构建了经济效益、可持续发展、社会效益、生态效益4个准则层、共16项具体指标的综合评价指标体系。再次,采用问卷调查形式,结合AHP与熵值法进行组合赋权,科学确立指标权重,并运用模糊综合评价法构建修复效益评价模型。最后,以张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山为例,在梳理分析张家口市历史遗留废弃矿山现状、突出问题、修复内容和方式的基础上,将所构建的效益评价指标体系和模型应用于真实的项目,通过评价结果与实际修复情况的比对分析,针对性地提出进一步深化修复改进方向和对策建议。实证研究表明,该评价体系和模型科学、可行,能有效评估修复效益,为废弃矿山修复项目的效益评价提供了有效技术支持,对推动我国绿色矿山建设提供有益参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources have provided essential support for social and economic development.However,due to weak environmental awareness and extensive mining practices,large-scale mining activities have resulted in numerous abandoned mines,causing severe visual pollution and local geological environmental damage.It is therefore urgent to establish a scientific and systematic benefit evaluation model for the restoration of abandoned mines,so as to improve project effectiveness,promote green and low-carbon development of the mining industry,and provide new insights and momentum for the sustainable development of mining areas.This study focuses on the benefit evaluation of geological environment restoration of abandoned mines.Firstly,based on the Triple Bottom Line theory,Sustainable Development theory,and Circular Economy theory,it elaborates on their application in mine restoration and reviews the theoretical foundations of the research.Secondly,in terms of methodology,through literature review,case study,and research hotspot analysis,the study systematically identifies key factors influencing benefit evaluation.From the perspective of the national ecological security strategy,sustainable development indicators are innovatively introduced,and a comprehensive evaluation index system is established,comprising four criterion layers—economic benefits,sustainable development,social benefits,and ecological benefits—with a total of sixteen specific indicators.Thirdly,by means of questionnaire surveys and the combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and entropy weight method,indicator weights are scientifically determined,and a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is developed to evaluate restoration benefits.Finally,taking the historical abandoned mines in Zhangjiakou City as an example,the study analyzes the current situation,major problems,restoration contents,and methods of the region.The constructed evaluation system and model are applied to real projects,and through comparative analysis between evaluation results and actual restoration performance,targeted improvement directions and countermeasures are proposed.The empirical results demonstrates that the proposed evaluation system and model are both scientific and practical,capable of effectively assessing the restoration benefits.They provide solid technical support for the benefit evaluation of abandoned mine restoration projects and offer valuable insights for advancing the development of green mining in China.更多还原