【作者】 刘杰；

【导师】 任高峰； 杨首亚；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 资源与环境（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 碳排放统计核算是一项重要的基础性工作,采矿业作为工业中重要的一环,采矿业占温室气体排放量4%-7%,采矿业开采出来的原料是全球经济供应链的起点,采矿业的碳达峰和碳中和对于实现全球排放目标至关重要。目前国内缺少对露天矿山碳排放核算方法和核算模型的构建,以及各开采环节能耗基于块度为物料流转中心的爆破最优参数预测模型的构建。论文完成的主要工作如下:(1)分析了露天矿山的碳排放特征,明确了各个开采流程的碳排放源,确定其碳排放因子,厘清了露天矿山生产工艺碳排放核算边界,统计能源消耗量,建立了露天矿山开采过程的碳排放核算模型。根据露天矿山实际开采情况,总结了露天矿山节能降碳措施。(2)关于铲装、运输与破碎过程,建立了能耗优化模型,其评价标准是基于单位能耗适应性函数的考量,且运用了MOPSO算法对爆破可调参数进行寻优,确定了孔排距、炸药单耗、超深。通过应用经改进的Kuz-Ram模型,对MOPSO算法优化前后的爆堆块度进行了对比分析,深入探讨了这些参数对块度的影响,揭示了优化后的爆破参数所对应的平均块度以及矿石粒度分布情况。(3)以松滋葛洲坝四方岭露天石灰石矿山为例,利用温室气体排放模型进行了碳排放核算。通过MOPSO寻优得出爆破参数,得到的单位能耗在指标选取范围之中,得出的最优的爆破参数可以有效降低现场的工艺能耗。论文对露天矿山碳排放核算以及减碳路径优化具有指导作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The statistical accounting of carbon emissions is an important basic work.As an important part of the industry,the mining industry accounts for 4%-7%of greenhouse gas emissions.The raw materials mined by the mining industry are the starting point of the global economic supply chain.The carbon peak and carbon neutralization of the mining industry are crucial for achieving global emission targets.At present,there is a lack of construction of carbon emission accounting method and accounting model for open-pit mines in China,as well as the construction of blasting optimal parameter prediction model based on block degree as material circulation center for energy consumption of each mining link.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)The carbon emission characteristics of open-pit mines are analyzed,the carbon emission sources of each mining process are clarified,the carbon emission factors are determined,the carbon emission accounting boundary of open-pit mine production process is clarified,the energy consumption is counted,and the carbon emission accounting model of open-pit mine mining process is established.According to the actual mining situation of open-pit mines,the energy saving and carbon reduction measures of open-pit mines are summarized.(2)The evaluation standard is based on the consideration of the unit energy consumption adaptability function,and the MOPSO algorithm is used to optimize the blasting adjustable parameters,and the hole row distance,explosive unit consumption and ultra-deep are determined.By using the improved Kuz-Ram model,the blasting lumpiness before and after the optimization of MOPSO algorithm is compared and analyzed.The influence of these parameters on the lumpiness is discussed in depth,and the average lumpiness and ore particle size distribution corresponding to the optimized blasting parameters are revealed.(3)Taking Songzi Gezhouba Sifangling open-pit limestone mine as an example,the carbon emissions were calculated by using the greenhouse gas emission model.Through MOPSO optimization,the blasting parameters are obtained,and the unit energy consumption is in the range of index selection.The optimal blasting parameters can effectively reduce the process energy consumption on site.The paper has a guiding role in carbon emission accounting and carbon reduction path optimization of open-pit mines.更多还原