【作者】 王瑞；

【导师】 田云臣； 于学权；

【作者基本信息】 天津农学院 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 随着水产养殖业的快速发展,鱼苗数量的精准统计已成为保障养殖质量和提升生产效率的重要环节。然而,由于缺乏精确可靠的计数装置,目前生产实践中仍广泛采用打杯法、打筛法和称重法等传统的人工计数方法。这些方法不仅操作繁琐、耗时费力,而且计数精度较低,难以满足现代水产养殖业对高效管理和精细化操作的需求。同时,尽管已有的基于深度学习的鱼苗计数方法在特定条件下表现出一定的技术优势,但其适用范围较为有限,仅能在鱼苗分布均匀、数量较少且无明显重叠的情况下实现较高的计数精度。事实上,在实际养殖场景中,鱼苗分布常呈现出随机性和不均匀性,且高密度、高重叠性现象较为普遍,这些因素对现有方法的性能构成了显著挑战。因此,研究、设计一种适用于复杂养殖环境下的高效精准鱼苗计数装置,已成为提升水产养殖机械化和智能化水平的迫切需求。本研究针对当前鱼苗计数过程中存在的效率低、重叠性高等问题,开发了一种新型鱼苗自动计数装置。围绕鱼苗精准计数这一核心目标,本文系统分析了影响鱼苗计数准确性的多种因素,并通过试验对这些因素进行了优化。同时,对计数方法进行了改进。在此基础上,设计并研制了一种鱼苗自动计数装置。本文的主要研究工作包括以下几个方面:(1)详细介绍了鱼苗自动计数装置的总体方案以及整体结构设计图并详细阐述其工作流程。(2)详述了鱼苗自动计数装置的图像采集装置组成以及人机交互界面的设计。(3)详细介绍并分析了鱼苗自动计数装置的关键结构设计和工作流程,同时结合工厂化水产养殖车间实际环境条件对其关键技术参数进行了具体分析,并利用Creo三维设计软件中的仿真模块,对计数滑道和机架的稳定性进行仿真。(4)针对鱼苗重叠问题采用EDEM仿真软件对鱼苗在计数滑道的均匀性进行分析。同时,对计数方法进行了优化改进。(5)试制鱼苗自动计数装置。根据试制的样机试验表明,该装置可实现不同长度鱼苗的准确计数,计数平均准确度可达到99.1%。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the aquaculture industry,accurate quantification of fish fry has become a crucial aspect in ensuring breeding quality and enhancing production efficiency.However,due to the lack of precise and reliable counting devices,traditional manual counting methods such as cup sampling,sieve sampling,and weighing methods are still widely used in practice.These methods are not only labor-intensive and time-consuming but also exhibit low counting accuracy,failing to meet the demands of modern aquaculture for efficient management and refined operations.Although existing deep learning-based fish fry counting methods have demonstrated certain technical advantages under specific conditions,their applicability remains limited,achieving high counting accuracy only when the fry are evenly distributed,present in small quantities,and without significant overlap.In reality,actual breeding scenarios often present random and uneven distributions of fish fry,with high-density and high-overlap situations being common,posing significant challenges to the performance of existing methods.Therefore,the development of an efficient and accurate fish fry counting device suitable for complex breeding environments has become an urgent requirement for enhancing the mechanization and intelligence levels of aquaculture.This study addresses the issues of low efficiency and high overlap in current fish fry counting processes by developing a novel automatic fish fry counting device.Focusing on the core objective of accurate fish fry counting,this paper systematically analyzes various factors affecting counting accuracy and optimizes these factors through experiments.Simultaneously,improvements have been made to the counting methodology.Based on these advancements,an automatic fish fry counting device has been designed and developed.The main research work of this study includes the following aspects:(1)A detailed introduction to the overall scheme of the automatic fish fry counting device,including the overall structural design and a comprehensive explanation of its workflow.(2)A detailed description of the image acquisition system components and the design of the human-machine interface for the automatic fish fry counting device.(3)A comprehensive introduction and analysis of the key structural designs and workflow of the automatic fish fry counting device,combined with an analysis of its key technical parameters based on actual conditions in industrialized aquaculture facilities.The stability of the counting slide and frame was simulated using the simulation module in Creo 3D design software.(4)Addressing the issue of fish fry overlap,EDEM simulation software was used to analyze the uniformity of fish fry distribution on the counting slide.Simultaneously,improvements were made to the counting methodology.(5)Prototype development of the fish fry counting device.Tests conducted on the prototype demonstrate that the device can achieve accurate counting of fish fry of different lengths,with an average counting accuracy of 99.1%.更多还原