通信铁塔生命周期成本影响因素的识别和层次划分

【作者】 王洋；

【导师】 张晶；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 土木水利， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 通信铁塔作为人们日常生活中必需的基础设施,生命周期的成本控制对于其可持续发展来说至关重要。随着通信技术的不断发展,对通信铁塔各方面的需求也在不断增加,本文通过文献计量研究,使用检索公式和限制条件,对现有国内外研究进行了词云分析。尽管已有研究关注通信铁塔的结构优化、技术更新,但针对其多阶段、多角度、多主体方面考虑成本问题的研究十分匮乏。由于现代项目管理理论在通信铁塔建设领域的应用相对滞后,通信铁塔的投入、建成直至后期运营期间,其建设与管理也面临着新的挑战。通信铁塔生命周期成本(Life Cycle Cost,LCC)影响因素的识别和关键影响因素的分析,是控制其LCC的重要依据,对通信铁塔的可持续发展来说也是至关重要的。通过文献研究法、实地调查法共提取了41个成本影响因素,通过专家访谈法识别了13个成本影响因素,通过头脑风暴法针对上述提取、识别的54个因素,进行了针对通信铁塔项目名称的修正与合并,并通过问卷调查法对53个成本影响因素进行了筛选,得到了最终的49个成本影响因素。这些因素分布于通信铁塔的规划阶段、服务采购阶段、设计阶段、施工阶段及运维阶段。提出了Grey-SNA-ISM组合模型,对影响因素间的网络关系、因果关系和层级关系进行分析,最终将49个影响因素分成9个层级,可归纳为直接影响因素(第1层)、间接影响因素(第2～7层)和根本影响因素(第8、9层),并识别出了关键影响因素。研究表明,相关政策、标准及技术体系不完善,铁塔公司管理经验、能力不足,自然条件、社会环境限制是最关键的影响因素。通信铁塔LCC影响因素的识别和分析,是控制LCC的重要依据。提出一个合理的通信铁塔LCC影响因素识别、分析方法,为项目管理者提供了针对性的改进方向,有助于提高管理效率和决策水平,确保通信铁塔项目的可持续发展和成本效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a necessary infrastructure in people’s daily lives,life cycle cost control of communication towers is crucial for their sustainable development.With the continuous development of communication technology,the demand for all aspects of communication towers is also increasing.This paper analyzes the word cloud of existing domestic and international studies through bibliometric research using search formulas and constraints.Although existing studies focus on the structural optimization and technological updating of communication towers,there is a dearth of studies that consider cost issues for its multi-stage,multi-angle and multi-subject aspects.Due to the relative lag in the application of modern project management theories in the field of communication tower construction,the construction and management of communication towers are also facing new challenges during the period of input,completion until later operation.The identification of communication tower life cycle cost(LCC)influencing factors and the analysis of key influencing factors are the important basis for controlling its LCC,which is also crucial for the sustainable development of communication tower.A total of 41 cost influencing factors were extracted through literature research method and field survey method,13 cost influencing factors were identified through expert interview method,54 factors extracted and identified above were revised and merged for communication tower project name through brainstorming method,and 53cost influencing factors were screened through questionnaire survey method to get the final 49 cost influencing factors.These factors are distributed in the planning stage,service procurement stage,design stage,construction stage and operation and maintenance stage of communication towers.The Grey-SNA-ISM combination model was proposed to analyze the network,causal and hierarchical relationships among the influencing factors,and the final 49 influencing factors were classified into 9 layers,which can be categorized as direct influencing factors(Layer 1),indirect influencing factors(Layers 2～7)and fundamental influencing factors(Layers 8 and 9),and the key influencing factors were identified.The study shows that the imperfections of relevant policies,standards and technical systems,the lack of management experience and ability of tower companies,and the natural conditions and social environment restrictions are the most critical influencing factors.The identification and analysis of communication tower LCC influencing factors is an important basis for controlling LCC.Proposing a reasonable method for identifying and analyzing the LCC influencing factors of communication towers provides project managers with a targeted direction for improvement,which helps to improve the management efficiency and decision-making level,and ensures the sustainable development and cost-effectiveness of the communication tower project.更多还原