【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 杨德桥； 孟德娟；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古科技大学 ， 法律（非法学）（专业学位）， 2025， 硕士

【摘要】 在现今的商品房交易市场中,按揭贷款已成为购房人支付购房款项的主要方式。大多数购房人因无法向开发商一次性支付全额房款,所以会向开发商支付一定比例首付款后向银行申请按揭贷款来支付剩余的购房款。实践中银行则会要求开发商向银行提供阶段性担保责任,即在商品房完成正式抵押登记手续之前,若购房人出现未能按时偿还贷款等违约行为,银行有权要求开发商履行其阶段性担保责任,代为偿还购房人的逾期贷款。在此情况下,开发商通常会主张解除与购房人签订的商品房买卖合同,并收回已出售的房屋。为了更有效地解决商品房买卖合同纠纷,我国最高人民法院颁布了《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》(以下简称《商品房买卖纠纷司法解释》)。该司法解释的实施在很大程度上促进了此类纠纷的处理,但遗憾的是,它并未明确阐述商品房买卖合同与贷款担保合同之间的具体关系。同时,对于开发商在承担担保责任之后,是否拥有通过解除合同来保护自身权益的权利,以及解除合同后可能产生的法律后果,该司法解释也未给出明确的说明。因此,在司法实践中,面对此类纠纷,常常会出现“同案不同判”的情况。我国法学界对于这些问题也尚未形成统一的意见和立场。本文旨在通过分析我国商品房买卖合同纠纷的实际情况,采用对中国裁判文书网上相关纠纷案例进行数据统计和分类分析的方法,并结合一些典型案例对开发商约定解除权和法定解除权的行使条件以及解除合同后的法律后果进行了深入研究后得出相关结论。首先得出的结论是,应对开发商的约定解除权行使进行一定的限制,并应明确开发商不能以合同目的不能实现为由行使法定解除权;其次,一旦合同被解除后不仅产生一般的法律后果还会因与贷款担保合同的密切关系导致贷款担保合同的解除及解除后产生的特殊法律后果;最终,本文将对开发商解除商品房买卖合同的相关问题提出具体的建议,旨在为我国在这一领域的司法裁判和当事人权益保护提供有益的探索和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the current commercial housing transaction market,mortgage loans have become the main way for homebuyers to pay for the purchase commercial housing.Most homebuyers,due to their inability to pay the full amount of the house price to the developer in one lump sum,will pay a certain of the down payment to the developer and then apply for a mortgage loan from the bank to pay the remaining purchase price.In practice,the bank will require the developer provide a phased guarantee liability to the bank at this time,that is,before the commercial housing is officially mortgaged and registered,if the homebuyer a breach of contract such as failing to repay the loan on time,the bank has the right to require the developer to fulfill its phased guarantee liability and to repay homebuyer’s overdue loan on behalf of the developer.In this case,the developer will usually claim to terminate the contract for the sale of commercial housing signed the homebuyer and recover the sold house.In order to more effectively solve the disputes arising from the contract for the sale of commercial housing,the Supreme People’Court of our country promulgated the"Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court on the Application of Law in the Trial of Disputes over Sales Contract for Commercial Housing"(hereinafter referred to as the"Interpretation of the Sales Contract for Commercial Housing").The implementation of this judicial has greatly promoted the handling of such disputes,but unfortunately,it does not explicitly elaborate on the specific relationship between the contract for the sale of commercial housing and the loan contract.At the same time,for whether the developer has the right to protect its own rights and interests by terminating the contract after assuming the guarantee liability,and possible legal consequences after the termination of the contract,this judicial interpretation also does not give a clear explanation.Therefore,in judicial practice,there are often situations of"judgments in the same case"in the face of such disputes.The academic circles in our country have not yet formed a unified opinion and position on these issues.This paper aims to analyze the actual situation of Chinese commercial housing sales contract dispute,using the Chinese judicial documents online related dispute case data statistics and classification analysis ethod,combined with some typical cases of the developer and remove the right conditions and the legal consequences after further study the conclusion.The first conclusion is that the exercise of the agreed right of termination by the developer,and that the developer cannot exercise the purpose of the contract;secondly,that the contract is necessary to provide useful exploration and reference for the judicial judgment and the protection of the rights and interests of the parties.更多还原