【作者】 张勇；

【导师】 彭耀丽；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 资源与环境（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 西藏铜矿资源丰富,但存在原矿品位低、原矿性波动较大、氧化率高,金属回收率低的问题。此外,西藏环境生态基础薄弱,开发资源的同时,环境保护刻不容缓。西藏某入选斑岩型铜矿的选厂现行工艺存在铜回收率偏低,且石灰用量大的问题。本文以该斑岩型铜矿石为研究对象,采用新型铜捕收剂和硫抑制剂进行工艺优化。实验室试验发现铜捕收剂SYC-2选择性和捕收性均优于现场药剂和Z-200。硫抑制剂SYD-1对黄铁矿的抑制有一定优势,可有效降低石灰用量。SYC-2能够有效地改善黄铜矿在溶液中的分散性,并且对黄铁矿的分散效果产生抑制作用,效果优于丁基黄药。SYD-1和石灰添加产生的团聚效果在黄铜矿上的表现不如黄铁矿上显著。SYD-1与石灰的联合使用相较于单独使用SYD-1或者石灰展现出更优的抑制效果。SYC-2显著增强了黄铜矿表面的疏水性,对黄铁矿润湿性影响小。SYD-1对黄铜矿表面的疏水性无减弱的效果,使黄铁矿的亲水性增强。先加SYD-1再加SYC-2,黄铁矿的亲水性进一步加强。而石灰在溶液中会增强黄铜矿表面疏水性,减弱黄铁矿表面的疏水性,与SYD-1共同作用于两种矿物表面时,黄铜矿的疏水性增强,黄铁矿的亲水性增强。丁基黄药更多地作用于硫化物,而SYC-2则与氧化物有更强的相互作用。SYD-1在黄铁矿表面的抑制作用主要通过与表面S、Fe元素的强相互作用削弱其浮选活性,从而有效阻止捕收剂的吸附。工业试验结果表明,使用SYC-2和SYD-1,试验组铜回收率较对照组铜回收率高1.56%、选矿富集比高4.84、铜尾矿品位低0.01%。新型药剂的应用可使选厂年经济效益增加1500万元。此外,选厂药剂用量统计结果表明,使用新药剂石灰总用量降低约30%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xizang is abundant in copper ore resources;however,there exist issues such as low grade of raw ore,significant fluctuations in raw ore properties,high oxidation rate,and low metal recovery.Additionally,the ecological and environmental foundation in Xizang is relatively fragile.Therefore,while exploiting resources,environmental protection is of utmost urgency.The current process of a selected porphyry copper ore beneficiation plant in Xizang suffers from a low copper recovery and excessive lime consumption.This thesis takes the porphyry copper ore in Xizang as the research object and conducts process optimization by employing new copper collectors and sulfur depressants.Lab tests revealed that the copper collector SYC-2 exhibited superior selectivity and adsorption capacity compared to the on-site reagents and Z-200.The sulfur depressant SYD-1 demonstrated certain advantages in depressing pyrite and could effectively reduce the consumption of lime.SYC-2 was capable of effectively enhancing the dispersion of chalcopyrite in the solution and exhibited a more potent inhibitory effect on pyrite than butyl xanthate.The agglomeration effect of SYD-1and lime on chalcopyrite was less pronounced than that on pyrite.The combined application of SYD-1 and lime manifested a superior inhibitory effect compared to the individual use of either SYD-1 or lime alone.SYC-2 significantly enhanced the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite and had negligible influence on the wettability of pyrite.SYD-1 did not weaken the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite but enhanced the hydrophilicity of pyrite.When SYD-1 was added first followed by SYC-2,the hydrophilicity of pyrite was further strengthened.Lime,within the solution,enhanced the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite and weakened the hydrophobicity of pyrite.When jointly acting on the surfaces of the two minerals with SYD-1,the hydrophobicity of chalcopyrite was enhanced while the hydrophilicity of pyrite was augmented.Butyl xanthate interacted more with sulfides,whereas SYC-2 had a stronger interaction with oxides.SYD-1 exhibited an inhibitory effect on the surface of pyrite,mainly by strongly interacting with the surface S and Fe elements to weaken its flotation activity and effectively prevent the adsorption of collectors.The results of plant trial indicate that,with the use of SYC-2 and SYD-1,the copper recovery of the test group is 1.56% higher than that of the control group,the enrichment ratio is 4.84 higher,the grade of copper tailings is 0.01% lower.The application of the new reagents can increase the annual economic benefits of the concentrator by 15 million yuan.Moreover,the statistical results of the reagent dosage in the plant show that the total dosage of lime using the new reagents is reduced by approximately 30%.更多还原