【作者】 王辉；

【导师】 赵光影；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 植被碳储量是陆地生态系统碳储量的重要组成部分,陆地生态系统碳储量变化已成为全球尺度上环境变化研究中的重点,而土地利用/覆被变化(Land Use and Land Cover Change,LUCC)和气候变化是影响陆地生态系统碳循环的关键驱动因素,研究植被碳储量的动态变化和驱动因素,可为规划土地利用建立低排放城市管理提供科学借鉴。本研究以黑龙江省为研究对象利用植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)和归一化植被指数(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)MODIS遥感影像数据结合植被生物量回归模型和张佳华的植被枯损模型分别计算森林、草地和灌丛、建设用地、未利用地的地上生物量,再根据其地上地下生物量比重计算得到植被地下生物量,根据求得的植被生物量结合不同植被的碳转换系数估算植被碳储量,农田的植被碳储量由经济系数和经济产量求得,最后根据求得的各植被类型的总碳储量结合土地利用变化和气候变化分析黑龙江省植被类型碳储量变化对土地利用和气候变化的响应,为城市规划土地利用建立低排放城市管理提供基础数据借鉴。主要的研究结论如下:(1)2000-2010年黑龙江省森林土地利用类型的植被碳储量大体上呈增加的变化,由2000年的11823.31×10~5t增加到2010年的12587.01×10~5t,增加了763.7×10~5t,在2010-2020年呈先减少后增加的变化,减少到2018年的11029.57×10~5t,又增加到2020年的11656.11×10~5t。2000-2020年黑龙江省农田土地利用类型的植被碳储量由2000年的537.62×10~5t增加到2010年的765.68×10~5t又增加到2020年的936.24×10~5t。2000-2010年黑龙江省草地土地利用类型的植被碳储量由2000年的40.61×10~5t减少到2010年的18.63×10~5t,到2020年又增加到25.52×10~5t。2000-2020年黑龙江省建设用地土地利用类型的植被碳储量由2000年的22.38×10~5t增加到2010年的33.36×10~5t,增加了10.98×10~5t,又增加到2020年的49.29×10~5t。2000-2010年黑龙江省未利用地土地利用类型的植被碳储量由2000年的0.89×10~5t增加到2004年的9.94×10~5t,增加了9.05×10~5t,又减少到2010年的0.83×10~5t,在2010-2020年呈减少的变化,由2010年的0.83×10~5t减少到2020年的0.76×10~5t。(2)2000-2020年森林的植被碳储量的变化,除受面积变化的影响外,还与黑龙江省最高气温分布区域变化和最低气温高值区域变化相关。2000-2020年农田植被碳储量的变化,原因除了因为近年来随着社会经济的发展,生产技术的提高,农田的单产提高外,还有可能因为年降水和年均降水量的增加。2000-2020年草地植被碳储量的变化,原因可能受月最低气温值变化的影响。黑龙江省灌木的植被碳储量几乎没有变化,原因是因为2000-2020年黑龙江省灌木土地利用类型的面积几乎没有变化,且灌木的植被碳储量与气温和降水无明显的线性和函数相关。黑龙江省建设用地的植被碳储量呈增加的变化,原因是因为建设用地的土地利用类型的面积呈增加的变化,除此之外,黑龙江省2000-2010年年降水和年均降水增加也是导致建设用地植被碳储量增加的重要原因。黑龙江省未利用地的植被碳储量呈减少的变化,原因是因为未利用地的土地利用类型的面积呈减少的变化,除此之外,由于黑龙江省未利用地的植被碳储量与黑龙江省2000-2020年的年降水和年均降水呈负线性和负函数相关,因此黑龙江省2000-2020年年降水和年均降水的增加也是导致未利用地植被碳储量减少的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vegetation carbon storage is an important component of terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage.Changes in terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage have become the focus of environmental change research on a global scale,and land use/cover change(LUCC)and climate change are important factors affecting land use.The key driving factors of ecosystem carbon cycle,studying the dynamic changes and driving factors of vegetation carbon storage can provide scientific reference for planning land use and establishing low-emission urban management.Taking Heilongjiang Province as an example,this study uses vegetation net primary productivity(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)and normalized vegetation index(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)MODIS remote sensing image data combined with vegetation biomass regression model and Zhang Jiahua’s vegetation dryness model.The loss model calculates the above-ground biomass of forests,grasslands and shrubs,construction land,and unused land respectively,and then calculates the vegetation underground biomass based on the proportion of above-ground and underground biomass.The obtained vegetation biomass is combined with the carbon conversion of different vegetation.The coefficient estimates vegetation carbon storage.The vegetation carbon storage of farmland is obtained from the economic coefficient and economic output.Finally,based on the obtained total carbon storage of each vegetation type,combined with land use change and climate change,the impact of vegetation type carbon storage changes in Heilongjiang Province on land use is analyzed.and climate change response,providing scientific reference for Heilongjiang Province in planning land use and establishing low-emission urban management.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)The vegetation carbon storage of forest land use types in Heilongjiang Province generally increased from 2000 to 2010,increasing from 11823.31×10~5t in 2000 to12587.01×10~5t in 2010,an increase of 763.7×10~5t,which first decreased and then increased from 2010 to 2020,decreasing to 11029.57×10~5t in 2018 and then increasing to 11656.11×10~5t in 2020.From 2000 to 2020,the vegetation carbon storage of farmland land use types in Heilongjiang Province increased from 537.62×10~5t in 2000to 765.68×10~5t in 2010 and to 936.24×10~5t in 2020.From 2000 to 2010,the vegetation carbon storage of grassland land use types in Heilongjiang Province decreased from 40.61×10~5t in 2000 to 18.63×10~5t in 2010,and increased to 25.52×10~5t in 2020.From 2000 to 2020,the vegetation carbon storage of land use types of construction land in Heilongjiang Province increased from 22.38×10~5t in 2000 to 33.36×10~5t in 2010,an increase of 10.98×10~5t,and then increased to 49.29×10~5t in 2020.From 2000 to 2010,the vegetation carbon storage of unused land use types in Heilongjiang Province increased from 0.89×10~5t in 2000 to 9.94×10~5t in 2004,an increase of 9.05×10~5t,and then decreased to 0.83×10~5t in 2010.There will be a decrease in 2020,from 0.83×10~5t in 2010 to 0.76×10~5t in 2020.(2)Changes in forest vegetation carbon storage from 2000 to 2020 are not only affected by area changes,but also related to regional changes in the distribution of maximum temperature and regional changes in high minimum temperature in Heilongjiang Province.The changes in farmland vegetation carbon storage from 2000 to2020 are not only due to the development of social economy and the improvement of production technology in recent years,and the increase in farmland yields,but also may be due to the increase in annual precipitation and average annual precipitation.Changes in grassland vegetation carbon storage from 2000 to 2020 may be affected by changes in monthly minimum temperature values.The vegetation carbon storage of shrubs in Heilongjiang Province has almost no change.The reason is that the area of shrub land use types in Heilongjiang Province has almost no change from 2000 to 2020,and the vegetation carbon storage of shrubs has no obvious linear and functional correlation with temperature and precipitation.The vegetation carbon storage of construction land in Heilongjiang Province has increased.The reason is that the area of land use types of construction land has increased.In addition,the annual precipitation and average annual precipitation in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2010 have also increased.An important reason for the increase in land vegetation carbon storage.The vegetation carbon storage of unused land in Heilongjiang Province shows a decreasing change.The reason is that the area of unused land use type shows a decreasing change.In addition,because the vegetation carbon storage of unused land in Heilongjiang Province is different from that of Heilongjiang Province in 2000.The annual precipitation and average annual precipitation in 2020 are negatively linearly and negatively functionally related.Therefore,the increase in annual precipitation and average annual precipitation in Heilongjiang Province from 2000 to 2020 is also the reason for the decrease in vegetation carbon storage in unused land.更多还原