【作者】 王一；

【导师】 曹博；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 法律（非法学）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机软件开发技术的不断进步,图形用户界面(Graphical User Interface,GUI)变得越发普遍和重要,它是一种用户与计算机交互的界面形式,通常由窗口、按钮、菜单等图形元素和触摸屏等指针设备组成。软件不但通过代码和结构升级提高软件效率,还通过图形用户界面的美化吸引消费者注意和提高人机交互效率,目前市面上最活跃的类型是应用软件图形用户界面,它可作用于多种硬件设备终端,适用性较高。我国自从2014年明确以外观设计制度保护图形用户界面以来,申请和侵权认定规则都是采用的既有的外观设计法律规则,即在申请阶段界面设计要与设计最终呈现的硬件产品结合,在侵权认定阶段也要先考虑产品类别相同与否,再进行界面设计的对比。图形用户界面保护与产品认定紧密关联,如何对产品进行解释直接影响外观设计专利权的保护范围。图形用户界面设计目的是实现人机交互或产品的功能,但外观设计专利授权不应该受到某些特定产品的限制。在外观设计制度下此类新兴客体如何保护,应当从外观设计制度的规范目的出发,在现行法律框架下探求适当的保护方式。本文第一章通过两起案情相似的图形用户界面外观设计专利纠纷案件进行介绍,将法院的裁判观点和论证思路进行对比,从中得出如何理解外观设计之产品是问题根源。图形用户界面更重视设计要素,产品有形的固有印象不应成为图形用户界面外观设计专利保护的枷锁,可以通过扩大解释让软件成为图形用户界面外观设计专利产品。第二章介绍了随着《专利法》及《专利审查指南》不断修改,图形用户界面也经历了法律保护模式的转变。但因外观设计专利只授予有形产品的原因,如今的保护模式并不能完全契合图形用户界面的特点。可以借鉴域外法对产品载体的态度,并结合我国的制度背景,使图形用户界面外观设计专利保护跳出与有形产品结合的框架。第三章以工业产品为切入点,厘清外观设计法律制度中产品的内涵和产品的制度功能,产品应当服务于设计,应将软件作为承载图形用户界面的外观设计专利产品。第四章梳理外观设计有形产品的历史合理性和现实局限性,并论证软件符合工业产品的定义和特点,也能承担起产品便于分类管理和限定专利权范围的功能,最后通过解释论和立法论的路径提出完善图形用户界面外观设计专利保护的具体建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous advancement of computer software development technology,Graphical User Interface(GUI)has become more and more common and important.It is a form of interface for user-computer interaction,usually consisting of graphical elements such as windows,buttons,menus,and pointer devices such as touch screens.Software not only improves software efficiency through code and structure upgrading,but also attracts consumers’ attention and improves the efficiency of human-computer interaction through the beautification of GUI.The most active type of GUI on the market is the application software GUI,which can be applied to a variety of hardware device terminals and has high applicability.China since 2014,since the clear protection of graphical user interface by design system,the application and infringement determination rules are adopted by the established design legal rules,that is,in the application stage interface design to be combined with the design of the final presentation of hardware products,in the infringement determination stage also to consider the same product category or not,and then the interface design comparison.Graphical user interface protection and product identification are closely related,how to interpret the product directly affects the scope of protection of design patent rights.The purpose of a GUI design is to enable human-computer interaction or product functionality,but the granting of design patents should not be limited by certain specific products.How to protect such emerging objects under the design system,should be from the design system specification purposes,in the existing legal framework to explore the appropriate protection.The first chapter of this paper compares and contrasts the court’s views and arguments on how to understand the product of design as the root of the problem through two cases of similar GUI design patent disputes.The GUI attaches more importance to design elements,and the inherent impression that the product is tangible should not be the shackle of GUI design patent protection,and the software can be made a GUI design patent product by expanding the interpretation.The Patent Law and the Patent Examination Guidelines have been continuously revised,and GUI have undergone a paradigm shift in legal protection.But because design patents are granted only to tangible products,today’s protection model does not fully fit the characteristics of GUI.It is possible to learn from the attitude of extraterritorial law towards product carriers and combine it with the background of our system to make the protection of GUI design patents go beyond the framework of combining with tangible products.Chapter 3 takes industrial products as the entry point to clarify the connotation of products in the legal system of design and the institutional function of products,which should serve the design and should be used as the software carrying the design patent products of GUI.Chapter 4 compares the historical reasonableness and practical limitations of tangible design products,and argues that software is consistent with the definition and characteristics of industrial products,and can also assume the function of products to facilitate classification management and limit the scope of patent rights,and finally proposes specific suggestions for improving the protection of GUI designs through the path of interpretive and legislative theories.更多还原