【作者】 郑颖；

【导师】 叶茂林；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 心理学 应用心理学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在我国结婚率持续下降的社会背景下,择偶问题比以往更为严峻。而相亲,作为择偶过程中的“双向面试”,初次见面留下第一印象十分重要。个体采用何种策略进行印象管理、在其中个人特质如何发生影响以及策略使用带来的效果,此前国内不少研究者基于工作情景得出了一些结论,而在两性交往情景中缺乏实证研究。本文对单身青年在相亲情景使用的印象管理策略进行了综合研究,主要成果为:首先,修订了相亲情景印象管理策略量表,并对994名单身被试样本进行试测后进行质量检验。该量表可以用作两性约会场景进行印象管理的有效测量工具。其次,在前因研究部分,通过问卷调查法收集479名单身被试样本数据,分析了个体特质中几个关键因素如何预测其印象管理倾向并建构了模型,得出关键结论:1.单身青年的自尊对相亲情景印象管理策略有正向预测作用,且对积极呈现型策略预测显著而对防范型策略预测不显著,支持了自我增强理论而非自我验证理论。2.单身青年的自我监控在自尊和相亲情景印象管理策略中起中介作用。3.单身青年的社交焦虑在相亲情景印象管理策略的中介模型中起负向调节作用。4.男性在目标承诺、观点一致两个积极呈现型策略以及避免负面、挽回消极两个防范型策略的得分显著高于女性,而在自我推销、提升他人策略中两性并无显著差异,结果与社会性别角色理论不完全一致。最后,在后果研究部分,通过问卷法对165个样本的相亲经历调查发现,自我推销、目标承诺策略的使用对相亲的正面影响最为积极。此外,观点一致、提升他人、挽回消极策略的使用亦对感知约会成功有正向预测作用。整体研究丰富了印象管理的理论研究模型,扩展了相关理论在两性互动领域的应用。研究结果为青年在相亲情境中使用印象管理策略和理解他人的行为倾向提供参考,帮助潜在相亲者未来在该场景的实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the social background of the declining marriage rate in our country,the problem of choosing a spouse is more severe than ever.Blind dates are ’two-way interviews’ in the process of choosing a spouse,and it is very important to leave the first impression at the first date.Previously,domestic researchers have drawn conclusions based on work situations about what strategies individuals use for impression management,how their trait factors attribute and the effects of the strategies.But there is a lack of empirical research in gender interaction situations.In this paper,we conducted a study on impression management strategies in blind dates,with the following main results:First of all,the Impression Management Strategy Scale of Blind Dates was revised and tested for quality after pilot testing on a sample of 994 unmarried subjects,which can be used as a valid measurement tool for self-presentation behaviors in dating scenarios.Secondly,through the questionnaire survey method,a sample of 479 unmarried subjects was analyzed to see how several key factors in individual traits predict impression management strategies,and an antecedent model was constructed.The key conclusions are:1.Single youths’ self-esteem positively predicted impression management strategies in blind dates,mainly predicted positive presentation strategies,while it did not significantly predict preventive impression management strategies.The data supported selfenhancement theory rather than self-verification theory.2.Single youths’ self-monitoring plays a mediating role between self-esteem and impression management strategies of blind dates.3.Single youths’ social anxiety negatively moderates the mediating model of impression management strategies in blind dates.4.Men scored higher in the positive presentation strategies of goal commitment and viewpoint congruence,and also the prevention strategies of avoiding negativity and redeeming negativity.And there was no significant difference between the two genders in the strategies of self-promotion and promoting others,which is not fully consistent with gender role theory.Last but not the least,the use of two strategies,self-promotion and goal commitment,were found to have the most positive impact on dating consequences through the use of questionnaires on the blind dates experiences of a sample of 165.In addition,the use of viewpoint congruence,promoting others,and redeeming negative strategies also positively predicted perceived dating success.The overall study enriches the theoretical research model of impression management and extends the application of the theory to gender interactions.The research results provide a reference for young singles to use impression management strategies and understand others’ behavior tendencies,and indirectly help potential blind daters’ practice in the future.更多还原