【作者】 王坤；

【导师】 张进川；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 交通运输（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 随着铁路建设事业的飞速发展,我国的铁路网已经覆盖了全国大部分地区,为国家的经济发展和社会进步发挥了重要作用。然而某些地形险峻、环境恶劣的山区地带,依然面临着交通运输设施严重不足的问题,这些地区的地理环境独特且复杂,建设条件极为苛刻、难度极大,导致交通网络密度低且分布极不均衡。在这些地区,公路仍然是运输方式的主体,承担着绝大部分的货流和客流运输任务,且由于气候的影响,整体通过能力较为紧张。我国正在西南地区建设的复杂艰险山区铁路可以缓解该地区运输能力紧张的局面,加强复杂艰险山区与周边地区的经济、文化联系,促进经济发展。因此,对于已经投入了大量资源建设的复杂艰险山区铁路线路,需要通过科学的方法,优化和提升其运用效率。合理的开行模式能够最大化地利用铁路资源,提升运输效率,目前我国学者对于开行模式的研究主要集中在高速铁路旅客列车跨线问题上,对于货物列车同轨距跨线运输模式尚未有深入的研究,因此本文对运行在复杂艰险山区铁路和普通铁路间的货物列车开行模式进行了分析,主要研究内容包括:首先从自然环境特征和产业发展特征这两个维度,对复杂艰险山区铁路的特性进行深入分析,根据复杂艰险山区的自然条件及资源以及贸易特征对该区域内主要货物品类进行总结,并分析适用的货车车型。结合复杂艰险山区铁路货物运输面临的线路条件,对不同货车在长大陡坡上的制动性能及下坡限速进行计算分析。其次将复杂艰险山区铁路货运列车的开行模式分为通用货车跨线开行模式、专用货车跨线开行模式、换装开行模式以及混合开行模式。将几种开行模式从初期投入成本、列车运行费用、线路通过能力、车辆使用灵活性以及列车运行安全性五个方面进行分析比较,最终确定采用适合复杂艰险山区的通用货车、专用货车混合开行模式。基于混合开行模式中存在的通用货车和专用货车跨线运行的情况,以企业效益最大化为目标,从收入及支出两方面建立模型,计算货物列车的合理跨线范围。以某复杂艰险山区铁路为例,运用所建立的模型求解跨线模式合理运行范围。通过对数据的分析和计算,得出该山区铁路在混合开行模式下的最佳跨线范围,从而为铁路运输企业的运营决策提供技术支持。图17幅,表28个,参考文献88篇。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of railway construction in China,the railway network has covered most parts of the country,playing a crucial role in the nation’s economic development and social progress.However,in some mountainous areas with rugged terrain and harsh environments,there still exists a severe shortage of transportation facilities.These areas possess unique and complex geographical environments,making construction conditions extremely harsh and difficult.As a result,the density and distribution of transportation networks are low and highly uneven.In these regions,highways remain the primary mode of transportation,handling the majority of freight and passenger transportation tasks.Moreover,due to climatic influences,overall transportation capacity is often strained.The construction of complex and arduous mountainous railway lines in the southwestern region of China can alleviate the transportation capacity constraints in these areas.It can strengthen economic and cultural ties between complex and arduous mountainous regions and surrounding areas,thus promoting economic development.Therefore,for the complex and arduous mountainous railway lines that have already invested substantial resources in construction,it is necessary to optimize and enhance their operational efficiency through scientific methods.A reasonable operating model can maximize the utilization of railway resources and improve transportation efficiency.Currently,research by Chinese scholars on operating models mainly focuses on issues such as the crossing of high-speed rail passenger trains.However,there has been limited in-depth research on freight train operating models on the same gauge in the field.Therefore,this article analyzes the operating models of freight trains running between complex and arduous mountainous railways and conventional railways.The main research contents include:Firstly,an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of complex and arduous mountainous railways is conducted from two dimensions: natural environmental features and industrial development characteristics.Based on the natural conditions,resources,and trade characteristics of complex and arduous mountainous areas,the main types of goods in this region are summarized,and the applicable freight car types are analyzed.Combined with the line conditions faced by freight transportation in complex and arduous mountainous railways,the braking performance of different freight cars on long steep slopes and the downhill speed limit are calculated and analyzed.Secondly,the operating modes of freight trains on complex and arduous mountainous railways are divided into four categories: general freight train crossing,special freight train crossing,intermodal operation,and mixed operation.These operating modes are analyzed and compared from five aspects: initial investment cost,train operating cost,line capacity,vehicle flexibility,and operational safety.Finally,a mixed operation mode with a combination of general and special freight trains is determined to be suitable for complex and arduous mountainous areas.Based on the existence of general and special freight trains crossing in the mixed operation mode,with the goal of maximizing enterprise profitability,a model is established from both revenue and expenditure perspectives to calculate the reasonable crossing range of freight trains.Taking a certain complex and arduous mountainous railway as an example,the established model is used to solve the reasonable operating range of the crossing mode.Through data analysis and calculation,the optimal crossing range of the railway in this mountainous area under the mixed operation mode is obtained,thereby providing technical support for the operational decisions of railway transportation enterprises.更多还原