【作者】 张瑞；

【导师】 滕军；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 土木工程， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要提出了一种基于现场实测获取风荷载作用下玻璃幕墙体系对主体结构的作用力的新方法,该方法基于光纤光栅应变片,量测出玻璃幕墙框架与主体结构连接节点处关键传力构件的动应变,推算出玻璃幕墙体系在风荷载作用下对主体结构的作用力,简称玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法。本文采用理论分析、现场实验以及有限元数值模拟等方法,深入探究了风荷载作用下玻璃幕墙框架与主体结构之间的传力机制,同时,通过搭建高层结构玻璃幕墙节点动应变量测系统完成实际工程结构玻璃幕墙传递荷载的获取应用及效果验证。提出了基于玻璃幕墙节点动应变量测的玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法。本文从结构力学基本原理出发,通过对风荷载在玻璃幕墙体系及主体结构间的传递机制研究,建立高层结构玻璃幕墙体系的简化模型,针对两种典型的连接节点型式,利用玻璃幕墙与主体结构连接节点处量测的动应变推导出玻璃幕墙传递荷载的计算方法,最后提出玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法的应用及评价方法。通过实验室搭建玻璃幕墙结构实验模型验证玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法的可行性。设计玻璃幕墙结构实验,明确风荷载在实验结构模型中的传力路径,在现场实验室中搭建模型,以实测手段采集连接节点的动应变,验证其实际可操作性,并计算玻璃幕墙传递荷载,再结合模型实际输入荷载,评价玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法的准确性,其获取相对误差小于5%,为工程应用奠定基础。基于有限元数值模拟对玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法的理论正确性进行进一步验证。建立玻璃幕墙结构实验模型的ABAQUS有限元模型,并对螺栓及螺栓孔洞处的网格划分进行拆分处理,以获得较好的结构化网格;基于玻璃幕墙节点输出动应变,获取玻璃幕墙传递荷载,并评价其获取精度,相对误差均小于1.5%,表现出较好的准确性,最后与现场实验结果对比,进一步明确误差来源。利用玻璃幕墙传递荷载获取方法估计强风作用下高层结构玻璃幕墙体系对主体结构的作用力并进行方法验证。搭建了高层结构玻璃幕墙节点动应变量测系统,完成强风作用下玻璃幕墙传递荷载的获取。再基于玻璃幕墙传递荷载得到测点处局部平均风压,通过分别与规范计算理论平均风压和实测风速换算平均风压进行对比,验证获取风压的合理性。再通过数值模拟验证实测节点动应变与模拟输出动应变相对误差基本小于5%,进一步验证了该方法的准确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper mainly proposes a new method based on on-site measurements to obtain the force exerted by the glass curtain wall system on the main structure under wind load.This method is based on Fiber Bragg Grating strain gauges to measure the dynamic strains of key force-transmitting components at the connection nodes between the glass curtain wall frame and the main structure,and then calculates the force of the glass curtain wall system on the main structure under wind load.The above method is referred to as the glass curtain wall transfer load acquisition method.This paper uses methods such as theoretical analysis,field experiments,and finite element numerical simulation to deeply explore the force transmission mechanism between the glass curtain wall frame and the main structure under wind load.At the same time,by building a dynamic strain measurement system for high-rise structural glass curtain wall nodes,the acquisition,application and effect verification of the transfer load of the actual engineering structural glass curtain wall were completed.A method for obtaining the transfer load of glass curtain walls based on the dynamic strain measurement of glass curtain wall nodes is proposed.Based on the basic principles of structural mechanics,this article establishes a simplified model of the high-rise structural glass curtain wall system by studying the transmission mechanism of wind load between the glass curtain wall system and the main structure.For two typical connection node types,the dynamic strain measured at the connection node between the glass curtain wall and the main structure was used to derive the calculation method for the load transfer of the glass curtain wall.Finally,the application and evaluation method of the glass curtain wall transfer load acquisition method are proposed.The experimental model of the glass curtain wall structure was built in the laboratory to verify the feasibility of the method for obtaining the transfer load of the glass curtain wall.Design glass curtain wall structural experiments to clarify the force transmission path of wind load in the experimental structural model.Build a model in the on-site laboratory,collect the dynamic strains of the connecting nodes through actual measurements,verify its actual operability,and then calculate the transfer load of the glass curtain wall.Combined with the actual input load of the model,the accuracy of the acquisition method of the glass curtain wall transfer load is evaluated.The relative error of the acquisition is less than 5%,which lays the foundation for engineering applications.The theoretical correctness of the method for obtaining the transfer load of the glass curtain wall is further verified based on finite element numerical simulation.An ABAQUS finite element model of the glass curtain wall structure experimental model was established,and the grid division of bolts and bolt holes was split to obtain a better structured grid.Based on the dynamic strain output of the glass curtain wall nodes,the glass curtain wall transmission load was obtained,and its acquisition accuracy was evaluated.The relative errors were less than 1.5%,showing good accuracy.Finally,it is compared with the field experimental results to further clarify the source of the error.The glass curtain wall transfer load acquisition method is used to estimate the force of the glass curtain wall system of high-rise structures on the main structure under the action of strong wind,and the above method is verified.A dynamic strain measurement system for high-rise structure glass curtain wall nodes was built to obtain the load transfer of the glass curtain wall under the action of strong wind.Then,the local average wind pressure at the measuring point is obtained based on the load transmitted by the glass curtain wall.The rationality of obtaining the wind pressure is verified by comparing it with the theoretical average wind pressure calculated by the specification and the average wind pressure converted from the measured wind speed.Finally,numerical simulation was used to verify that the relative error between the measured node dynamic strain and the simulated output dynamic strain was basically less than 5%,further verifying the accuracy of the method.更多还原