【作者】 刘洋；

【导师】 袁朋生； 董新伟；

【作者基本信息】 中国矿业大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 在全球能源转型的大趋势下,清洁能源发电设备的装机容量不断提升。微电网作为一种新兴的能源架构模式,能够有效结合传统能源和新能源,成为充分利用分布式能源的重要方式。面对新能源出力的不确定性,微电网配置一定容量的储能可以平抑风光波动,在此基础上,充分发展需求响应技术可以有效地调节负荷需求、平衡供需关系。对此,协调控制微电网中的储能、可控电源、柔性负荷各单元是实现微电网系统稳定经济运行的重要技术。与此同时,包含分布式电源的微电网接入配电网后会导致配电网的电压和频率波动,改变电网的负荷特性和电流分布。主动配电网通过与接入的微电网进行能量信息双向交互可以更好地适应新型电力系统结构,针对主动配电网及其接入的微电网,本文就其运行优化调度策略进行了研究,主要内容如下:首先,本文构建了含共享储能微电网的架构,设计了共享储能电站的运营收费模式,并对微电网中的光伏发电机组、储能电池和微型燃气轮机等主要单元进行了数学建模。研究分析负荷侧需求响应的原理并进行分类对比,选择适合所提架构的响应模式并进行数学建模。其次,建立了以总运行成本最小为优化目标的含共享储能的微电网优化调度模型,并设计了含共享储能的微电网经济性优化调度策略,使用CPLEX求解器对所建立的模型求解,在此基础上进一步考虑分时电价机制引导负荷侧的响应并建立模型。算例结果表明:本文所提的包含共享储能的微电网调度策略能够提升储能资源利用率并降低系统运行成本,在此基础上增加负荷响应具有进一步削峰填谷的作用。最后,本文将设计的微电网系统接入主动配电网,基于双层规划理论提出了主动配电网-微电网双层协调优化调度模型,设计了主动配电网接入包含共享储能的微电网的优化调度策略。上层以配电网系统的网损最小作为优化目标,下层以微电网的总运行成本最低为目标,使用目标级联法通过反复迭代得到统一的公共变量决策;在此基础上探究了负荷侧需求响应带来的进一步优化作用。通过仿真发现:本文提出的主动配电网-微电网协同优化调度策略能在优化上层主动配电网损耗的同时有效降低下层微网的运行成本。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the general trend of global energy transition,the installed capacity of clean energy power generation equipment is increasing.As an emerging energy management model,micro-grid can effectively combine traditional energy and new energy,and become an important way to make full use of distributed energy.In the face of the uncertainty of new energy output,the configuration of a certain capacity of energy storage can calm the wind fluctuations,on this basis,the full development of demand response technology can effectively regulate the load demand,balancing the relationship between supply and demand.In this regard,coordinated control of energy storage,controllable power supply and flexible load units in micro-grid is an important technology to achieve stable and economic operation of micro-grid system.At the same time,the access of micro-grids containing distributed power sources to the distribution network will lead to voltage and frequency fluctuations in the distribution network,changing the load characteristics and current distribution of the network.The active distribution grid can better adapt to the new power system structure through the two-way interaction of energy information with the accessed micro-grid.For the active distribution grid and its accessed micro-grid,this thesis researches its operation optimization and scheduling strategy,with the main contents as follows:Firstly,this thesis constructs the architecture of the micro-grid containing shared energy storage,designs the operation charging mode of the shared energy storage power station,and mathematically models the main units in the micro-grid such as photovoltaic generator sets,energy storage batteries,micro gas turbines,etc.The principles of load-side demand response are analyzed and classified for comparison,and the response model suitable for the proposed architecture is selected and mathematically modeled.Secondly,an optimal scheduling model for micro-grid with shared energy storage with the optimization objective of minimizing the total operating cost is established,and the economic optimal scheduling strategy for micro-grid with shared energy storage is investigated,and the proposed model is solved using the CPLEX solver.On this basis,the time-sharing tariff mechanism is considered to guide the load-side response and modeled.Example results show that the micro-grid scheduling strategy proposed in this thesis,which includes shared energy storage,can improve the utilization rate of energy storage resources and reduce the system operating cost,and based on this,the load response has the effect of further peak shaving and valley filling.Finally,this thesis connects the designed micro-grid system to the active distribution grid,proposes a two-layer coordinated optimal scheduling model of active distribution network-microgrid based on the theory of two-layer planning,and researches the optimal scheduling strategy of the active distribution grid connecting to the micro-grid containing shared energy storage.The upper layer takes the minimum network loss of the distribution system as the optimization objective;the lower layer takes the minimum total operating cost of the micro-grid as the objective,and uses the objective cascade method to obtain a unified decision of the common variables through repeated iterations;based on this,further optimization effects brought by load-side demand response are explored.Through simulation,it is found that the active distribution network-microgrid cooperative optimal scheduling strategy proposed in this thesis can effectively reduce the operating cost of the lower micro-grid layer while optimizing the loss of the upper active distribution network.更多还原