【作者】 朱巧英；

【导师】 侯明利；

【作者基本信息】 河南师范大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 农业高效可持续发展对于社会稳定与可持续发展具有不可替代的作用。随着我国各产业从高速增长转向高质量发展,作为我国支柱产业的农业也已从强调土地这一单一要素对生产率的贡献转向了涵盖土地、资本、劳动力、技术等的全要素生产率增长。然而,传统金融机构对农村农业的金融排斥使农业高质量发展受到严重制约。数字普惠金融的便捷性、低门槛等特征,极大缓解了农民的信任约束、信息约束与融资约束,为农业生产经营主体提供了获取农业发展资金的便捷途径。本文首先从概念上界定数字普惠金融与农业全要素生产率,探索二者之间的理论机制并提出待检验假说。其次,对二者进行科学测度并概括其时空发展状况。再次,实证分析数字普惠金融对农业全要素生产率的影响并进行作用机制检验。最后,报告研究结论,提出对策建议。主要结果:我国数字普惠金融、农业全要素生产率呈在2011-2020年上升趋势,但区域分化明显。数字普惠金融、数字金融覆盖广度、使用深度显著促进了农业全要素生产率提高。在粮食主产区与非主产区、东中西部地区、市场化和农村人力资本存在差异的地区,数字普惠金融对农业全要素生产率具有差异化效应。数字普惠金融分别通过促进城镇化和创业活跃度促进劳动力转移,并因此促进农业资本深化,最终促进农业全要素生产率提升。本文研究贡献主要体现在:第一,丰富了数字普惠金融与全要素生产率相关研究,强化了二者之间的因果关系识别;第二,通过考察数字普惠金融与农业全要素生产率之间的多渠道多环节作用机制,进一步开启了二者之间的“黑箱”,克服了以往单一渠道、单一环节影响机制的研究缺陷。本文对我国各地区通过发展数字普惠金融来设计农业全要素生产率提升路径具有借鉴意义:首先,通过加快与完善农村数字基础设施建设,夯实数字普惠金融发展硬件。其次,加强数字普惠金融顶层制度政策设计,提升农村人力资本水平,为数字普惠金融促进城镇化发展和提升创业活跃度搭建更好的制度环境与人才环境。最后,通过促进城镇化与提升创业活跃度两条渠道合理分流农业富裕劳动力,通过农业资本深化降低农业劳动力的非农务工机会成本,实现长期通过农业资本深化促进农业全要素生产率提升。更多还原

【Abstract】 The efficient and sustainable development of agriculture plays an irreplaceable role in social stability and sustainable development.With the transformation of various industries from high-speed growth to high-quality development,agriculture,as the pillar industry of China,has also shifted from emphasizing the contribution of land as a single factor to productivity to the total factor productivity growth covering land,capital,labor,technology and so on.However,the financial exclusion of traditional financial institutions to rural agriculture has severely restricted the high-quality development of agriculture.The convenience,low threshold and other features of digital inclusive finance greatly ease the trust constraints,information constraints and financing constraints of farmers,thus providing a convenient way for agricultural production and operation entities to obtain agricultural development funds.This paper firstly defines digital inclusive finance and agricultural total factor productivity conceptually,explores the theoretical mechanism between them,and puts forward hypotheses to be tested.Secondly,the two are scientifically measured and their space-time development is summarized.Thirdly,the paper empirically analyzes the impact of digital inclusive finance on agricultural total factor productivity and tests its mechanism.Finally,the paper reports the research conclusions and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.Empirical results show that both digital inclusive finance and agricultural total factor productivity manifest an upward trend during 2011-2020 but obvious regional heterogeneity.Digital inclusive finance,the coverage breadth and use depth of digital finance all exerts positive and significant impacts on agricultural total factor productivity.Digital financial inclusion has a differentiated effect on agricultural total factor productivity in major grain producing areas and non-major producing areas,eastern and western regions,and regions with differences in marketization or rural human capital.Digital inclusive finance promotes labor transfer by promoting urbanization and entrepreneurial activity,respectively,and thus promotes the deepening of agricultural capital and ultimately the improvement of agricultural total factor productivity.The research contributions of this paper are mainly reflected in the following aspects:first,relevant research on digital inclusive finance and total factor productivity is enriched,and the identification of causal relationship between the two is strengthened;Second,the“black box”between the digital inclusive finance and agricultural total factor productivity is further opened by examining the multi-channel and multi-link mechanism between the two,thus overcoming previous research defects of single channel and single link influence mechanism.This paper is of reference value for designing the path for improving agricultural total factor productivity through the development of digital inclusive finance in various regions of China:First,development hardware of digital inclusive finance should be consolidated by accelerating and improving the construction of rural digital infrastructure.Second,both institutional environment and talent environment for digital inclusive finance to promote urbanization development and enhance entrepreneurial activity should be built and strengthened by enhancing top-level system and policy design of digital inclusive finance and improving the level of rural human capital.Finally,the redundant agricultural labor force should be distributed rationally through both channels of promoting urbanization and enhancing entrepreneurial activity,and the opportunity cost of off-farm employment of agricultural labor should be reduced through agricultural capital deepening,so as to promote the improvement of agricultural total factor productivity through agricultural capital deepening in the long run.更多还原