【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 王昭俊；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 土木水利（人工环境工程）（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 高校建筑能耗已成为全社会能耗的重要组成部分。本文以严寒地区某大学园区区域能源规划为例,考虑人员在室率和设备开启率以及多能协同,模拟研究了不同情景下不同功能建筑的供暖热负荷及节能潜力,分析了可利用资源的潜力,并对冬季供暖热源方案进行了优化分析。首先,基于文献调研数据,建立大学园区办公楼、教学楼等公共建筑的建筑模型。采用能耗模拟软件Energy Plus,模拟两类建筑的供暖热负荷,并根据区域规划图,计算区域内两类建筑的能耗。采用情景分析法,分析不同人员在室率和设备开启率的情景,计算办公楼和教学楼的节能潜力。结果表明,办公楼的设计热负荷指标为43.9W/m~2,平均热负荷指标为21.3W/m~2。教学楼的设计热负荷指标为48.4W/m~2,平均热负荷指标为22.3W/m~2。办公楼节能潜力可达7.1%～15.5%,教学楼节能潜力可达9.0%～17.5%。其次,基于文献调研数据,建立大学园区职工住宅、学生宿舍等居住建筑模型。采用能耗模拟软件Energy Plus,模拟两类建筑的供暖热负荷,并计算区域内两类建筑的能耗。结果表明,职工住宅设计热负荷指标为32.6W/m~2,平均热负荷指标为11.9W/m~2。学生宿舍设计热负荷指标为34.4W/m~2,平均热负荷指标为13.1W/m~2。第三,对哈尔滨地区的太阳能、风能、地表水源热能和土壤蓄热能等资源潜力进行了分析。计算该地区的太阳能辐射总量、日照小时数、风速、风功率密度和水体热承载能力等参数。结果表明,哈尔滨地区年太阳辐照量为4670MJ/m~2,稳定度为0.29,适合开发太阳能资源。该地风功率密度仅为1级,且无盛行风向,不适合利用风能。松花江哈尔滨段水水量和水质条件较好、热承载能力大。当地浅层土壤温度约为8℃,土壤蓄热能可利用性强。最后,对某大学园区冬季供暖的热源方案进行分析。对于供暖系统的热源,以区域锅炉房为主热源,采用燃气锅炉或者可再生能源供暖系统调峰。对于生活热水系统的热源,以热泵为主热源,利用太阳能辅助供给热量。结果表明,采用空气源热泵+土壤源热泵辅助区域锅炉房供暖的一次能耗为7.92×10~7 MJ,年总成本仅为203.2万元,能耗及经济性均为最优。太阳能辅助水源热泵生活热水系统的年总能耗为214660k Wh,总成本为41.2万元,能耗及成本为各方案中最低。更多还原

【Abstract】 Building energy consumption in Colleges and universities has become an important part of energy consumption in the whole society.In this paper,taking the community energy planning of a University Park in severe cold area as an example,the heating load and energy-saving potential of different functional buildings under different scenarios are simulated and studied considering the room occupancy rate,equipment opening rate and multi-energy coordination,the potential of available resources is analyzed,and the heating source scheme in winter is optimized.First,based on the literature survey data,establish the architectural model of the office building,teaching building and other public buildings in the university park.The energy consumption simulation software Energy Plus is used to simulate the heating heat load of the two types of buildings,and calculate the energy consumption of the two types of buildings in the area according to the regional planning diagram.Using scenario analysis method,analyze the scenarios of different personnel occupancy rates and equipment utilization rates,and calculate the energy-saving potential of office and teaching buildings.The results show that the design heat load index of the office building is 43.9W/m²,and the average heat load index is 21.3W/m².The design heat load index of the teaching building is48.4W/m²,with an average heat load index of 22.3W/m².The energy-saving potential of office buildings can reach 7.1%to 15.5%,and the energy-saving potential of teaching buildings can reach 9.0%to 17.5%..Secondly,based on the literature survey data,the architectural model of residential buildings such as staff residence and student dormitory in the university park is established.Using energy consumption simulation software Energy Plus,simulate the heating load of two types of buildings and calculate the energy consumption of two types of buildings in the area.The results show that the design heat load index of employee housing is 32.6W/m^2,and the average heat load index is 11.9W/m².The design heat load index of the student dormitory is 34.4W/m²,with an average heat load index of 13.1W/m².Thirdly,an analysis was conducted on the resource potential of solar energy,wind energy,surface water thermal energy,and soil thermal storage energy in the Harbin region.Calculate the total solar radiation,sunshine hours,wind speed,wind power density,and water thermal carrying capacity of the region.The results show that the annual solar radiation in Harbin area is 4670MJ/m²,with a stability of 0.29,which is suitable for developing solar energy resources.The local wind power density is only Level 1,and there is no prevailing wind direction,so it is not suitable to use wind energy.The Songhua River in Harbin has good water quantity and quality conditions and large heat carrying capacity.The local shallow soil temperature is about 8℃,and the soil has strong availability of heat storage energy.Finally,analyze the heat source scheme for winter heating in a certain university park.For the heat source of the heating system,the regional boiler room is the main heat source,and gas boilers or renewable energy heating systems are used for peak shaving.For the heat source of the domestic hot water system,a heat pump is used as the main heat source,and solar energy is used to assist in supplying heat.The results show that the primary energy consumption of using air source heat pump and ground source heat pump to assist in heating the regional boiler room is7.92×10⁷ MJ,with an annual total cost of only 2.032 million yuan,the energy consumption and economy are both optimal.The total annual energy consumption of the solar assisted water source heat pump domestic hot water system is 214660k Wh,with a total cost of 412000 yuan.The energy consumption and cost are the lowest among the various schemes.更多还原