【作者】 魏斌；

【导师】 徐国栋；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 航天工程（专业学位）， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国航天发射任常态化高密度的发展趋势,现有通信卫星转发器频谱资源使用日趋紧张,虽然“星链”、“一网”等低轨星座建成后可以一定程度上发挥通信卫星的作用,但是在可预见的未来,静止轨道通信卫星转发器资源必然面临供不应求的局势。因此,设计自主可控的卫星信号转发器并在大气层内进行预设布置,成为有效解决局部区域上空转发器资源紧张问题的有效手段。当前,卫星转发器频谱资源采取按需分配的方式进行分配,即需要使用时进行申请,使用完毕后频谱资源收回。在保障航天发射过程中,涉及到人员训练、线电路测试、设备故障排查等问题,都受到卫星转发器频谱资源的制约。论文结合人员科研训练、设备故障排查时间长、线电路测试沟通协调难等问题,通过对卫星通信转发器的原理进行深入细致分析,自主设计了C频段通信卫星模拟转发器,用以解决频谱资源紧张的问题。本文首先对模拟卫星转发器频率电路总体进行研究设计,对转发器中设计的关键技术进行分析,对模拟转发器中的关键部件设计进行简单介绍;其次,对数字控制功率衰减器软硬件进行研究设计,分析数控衰减器原理、结构和设计指标,软硬件设计实现数控衰减器并进行测试,结果符合设计需求;最后进行整机系统集成及实现针对模拟卫星转发器中的关键部件进行设计,给出各部分设计过程和测试结果,并对电磁兼容进行设计,给出系统整体关键指标测试,结果证明符合设计要求。通过一次变频技术、锁相环技术、双平衡混频技术、带通滤波等实现了C频段射频信号的频谱搬移;通过树莓派开发技术、嵌入式软件编程技术实现了设备电平控制、故障告警等功能;通过模块化设计、电源滤波技术等方式使系统电磁兼容性良好,技术指标合格,设计布局合理,操作维护简单。该系统在近两年的应用过程中,运行稳定可靠,功能完善齐全,有效解决了工作中遇到的实际问题,极大地提高了工作效率,节省了星上资源,得到了操作人员和应用单位的高度认可和肯定。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the satellite-launch-center,many tasks are carried out at the same time,and this state of affairs will be normal in the next many years.As a result,the situation that the use of comunication satellites’ transponder will be very serious.At prsent,spectum resources of comunication satellites’ transponder are allocated ondemand.That is,we must require spectum resources when we need to use,and the spectum resources are recoverd after used.In the process of safeguarding tasks,it involves personnel research and training,line circuit testing,equipment troubleshooting and other issues,all of which are subject to constraints of the spectum resources.This project closely integrates personnel research and training,long time that the processing of equipment troubleshooting and difficulty in comunication and corordination of the line circuit testing.Through in-depth analysis and research of the principle of satellite comunications transponder,Ihe imitated Satellite Transponder for C Band was independently designed.This paper first researches and designs the overall frequency circuit of the Imitated satellite transponder,analyzes the key technology in the transponder,and briefly introduces the design of the key components in the analog transponder;the research and design of the digital control power attenuator software and hardware,and the analysis of numerical control The principle,structure and design index of the attenuator,software and hardware design to realize the numerical control attenuator and test,the results meet the design requirements.The whole system integration and realization are designed for the key components in the analog satellite transponder,the design process and test results of each part are given,and the electromagnetic compatibility is designed.Finally,the overall key index test of the system is given,and the results show that it meets the design requirements.Through the one-time frequency conversion technology,phase-locked loop technology,double-balanced mixing technology,Band-pass filter technology,and ect,the imitated Transponder for C Band communication satellite had been realized.Through raspberry Pi development technology,embeddem software programming technology,we can contorl the level of RF and fault alarm.Through the modular design,power supply filtering technology and ect,we make the entire sysytem good electromagnetic copatibility.The technical indicators of the entire system are qualified,the design layout is reasonable,the maintenance and operation is simple.During the application process of the system in the past two years,the system was stable,reliable and full functional.It effectively solved problems encoutered in pratical work,greatly improved the work efficiency and saved the spectrum resources of the satellite comunications transponder.The performance of this system has been highly recognized by the industry and it provided a powerful guarantee for the successful completion of experimental tasks.更多还原