【作者】 赵彬；

【导师】 刘盼；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 工程管理（专业学位）， 2024， 硕士

【摘要】 在当前国际形势动荡的背景下,粮食数量和质量的巨大损失将威胁国家粮食安全,减少粮食损失是保障粮食安全的重要途径,其可以提高粮食供应链的整体效率和稳定性,从而促进社会稳定和经济发展。尽管为降低粮食产后损失,国家出台了一系列政策,但是降低粮食产后损失的设备与技术的采用率依旧不高且缺乏相应的减损激励措施。基于此,本文探究了兼顾数量与质量损失的粮食供应链投资决策及政府补贴策略,最后对政府补贴下的粮食供应链进行协调。此研究对保障粮食安全和提升经济效益具有重要意义,对社会稳定和可持续发展等方面都有着积极影响。具体研究内容如下:(1)为探究政府如何制定合适的补贴政策以激励供应链成员采用先进的减损技术改善粮食产后质量与数量损失,选择由一个生产者、一个经销商和政府组成的粮食供应链为研究对象,提出数量损失折扣系数和质量损失改善系数的概念和函数表达,修正了需求函数,构建并分析了减损投入和政府补贴的三种模式下的减损决策模型。研究表明:无论政府对任意供应链成员进行产量补贴,供应链成员以及政府的收益都与产量补贴系数正相关。当政府对任意供应链成员进行减损补贴时,政府的收益不会发生改变。当政府进行减损补贴时,政府和供应链成员的收益并不总是与质量损失改善系数正相关,政府的收益总是与数量损失折扣系数正相关。(2)为解决在最优补贴模式下的双重边际效应问题以协调供应链成员兼顾数量与质量损失进行粮食减损,选择由一个生产者、一个经销者和政府组成的供应链为研究对象,引入了“收益共享契约”以及“固定收益共享契约”构建协调模型,最后对协调模式下供应链成员收益进行分析。研究表明:政府补贴模式下,集中决策下粮食总需求、供应链成员的总收益以及政府的收益均高于分散决策下的情形。在生产者进行减损投入并且政府对生产者进行补贴的模式下质量损失改善系数的增加以及数量损失折扣系数的减少都可以增加经销商的收益,因此经销商更愿意通过收益共享模式进行粮食供应链的协调。最后,生产者和经销商都进行减损投入且政府对二者进行补贴的模式下,通过“固定收益共享协调”契约可以提高粮食供应链中减损活动的积极性,这有助于实现整个社会经济的可持续发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Given the current turbulent international situation,significant losses in the quantity and quality of food threaten national food security.Reducing food losses is a crucial approach to safeguarding food security.It enhances the overall efficiency and stability of the food supply chain,thereby promoting social stability and economic development.Despite the implementation of numerous policies by the government to reduce post-harvest food losses,the adoption rate of technologies and equipment designed to minimize these losses remains low,and there is a lack of corresponding incentives to reduce losses.Based on this,this paper explores investment decisions in food supply chains that consider both quantity and quality losses,as well as government subsidy strategies.Lastly,the paper coordinates the food supply chain under government subsidies.This research is of great importance for ensuring food security and improving economic benefits,and it positively impacts social stability and sustainable development.The specific content of the study is as follows:(1)In order to explore how the government can formulate appropriate subsidy policies to encourage the members of the supply chain to adopt advanced loss reduction technologies to improve the quality and quantity loss of grain after production,the food supply chain consisting of a producer,a distributor and the government is selected as the research object,the concepts and functional expressions of quantity loss discount coefficient and quality loss improvement coefficient are proposed,and the demand function is modified.This paper constructs and analyzes the decision model of impairment under three modes of impairment input and government subsidy.The results show that no matter the government subsidizes the output of any supply chain member,the benefits of supply chain member and the government are positively correlated with the coefficient of output subsidy.When the government grants a derogation subsidy to any member of the supply chain,the government’s benefits do not change.When the government conducts derogation subsidies,the benefits of the government and supply chain members are not always positively correlated with the quality loss improvement coefficient,but the benefits of the government are always positively correlated with the quantity loss discount coefficient.(2)In order to solve the problem of double marginal effect under the optimal subsidy model and coordinate the supply chain members to take into account the quantity and quality loss of grain loss,the supply chain consisting of a producer,a distributor and the government is selected as the research object,and the "revenue sharing contract" and "fixed income sharing contract" are introduced to build a coordination model.Finally,the benefits of supply chain members under the coordination model are analyzed.The results show that under the government subsidy model,the total grain demand,the total income of supply chain members and the income of the government are higher than those under the decentralized decision-making.The increase of quality loss improvement coefficient and the decrease of quantity loss discount coefficient can both increase the profit of dealers in the mode of producers’ input reduction and government subsidies.Therefore,dealers are more willing to coordinate the food supply chain through the revenue-sharing mode.Finally,under the model of both producers and distributors making impairment inputs and the government subsidizing both,the initiative of impairment activities in the food supply chain can be enhanced through the "fixed income sharing coordination" contract,which is conducive to the sustainable development of the whole society and economy.更多还原