【作者】 王鑫；

【导师】 罗英； 周明勤；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 作为公安交通管理的创新举措,其对无交警执法的地方或没有电子监控路段的道路交通违法行为的“取证难”问题,提供了一种解决方案。2020年5月,公安部修订的《道路交通安全违法行为处理程序规定》,明文规定了对于一些单位或者个人提供的道路交通违法行为的照片或者视频等资料,只要经查证属实的,都能作为处罚的证据。从交通违法“随手拍”的视角看,这一明文规定包含了两层意思:一是其赋予了交通违法“随手拍”收集到的图片和视频可以作为处罚证据的空间,二是交通违法“随手拍”这种行为也有一些底线和边界,交通违法“随手拍”不是“随意拍”。但也要注意到交通违法“随手拍”中存在处罚制度的不完善、侵害当事人权益等一系列问题。通过从公众举报的交通违法行为中获取的证据能不能作为公安交警作为处罚的依据,一直都是困扰公安交警部门的难题。样本案例表明,交通违法“随手拍”案件的争议焦点主要在公众是否能成为交通违法“随手拍”举报的主体、交通违法“随手拍”行为的执法程序是否合法、交通违法“随手拍”图片视频是否具备证据效力以及交通违法“随手拍”行为是否合理。一种意见认为,公众通过交通违法“随手拍”违法举报,在拍摄的过程虽然获取到一些证据,但同时这种拍摄行为涉嫌侵犯隐私权。而另一种意见认为,交通违法“随手拍”违法举报是互联网时代中公众参与交通管理的产物,这种违法举报对于有效缓解道路通行压力、制止交通违法行为能够起到很好的效果。通过学理分析以及案例比较,针对公众是否能成为交通违法“随手拍”举报的主体的问题,明确了公众仅是向公安交通管理部门提供查处交通违法行为的有关线索,肯定了其举报的合法性。针对交通违法“随手拍”行为的执法程序是否合法的问题,论证了公安交通管理部门并没有违反行政处罚的告知义务,得出了其执法程序合法的结论。针对交通违法“随手拍”图片视频是否具备证据效力问题,指出了对交通违法“随手拍”图片视频实质性审查的方法,明确了图片视频具备证据效力。针对交通违法“随手拍”是否合理问题,在确定交通违法“随手拍”合法的基础上,分析论证了其具备合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an innovative measure of public security traffic management,it provides a solution to the problem of "difficulty in collecting evidence" of road traffic violations in places without traffic police enforcement or without electronic monitoring of road sections.In May 2020,the Ministry of Public Security revised the Regulations on Handling Procedures for Road Traffic Safety Violations,which clearly stipulates that photos or videos of road traffic violations provided by some units or individuals can be used as evidence for punishment as long as they are verified to be true.From the perspective of "casual shooting" of traffic violations,this explicit provision contains two meanings: first,it gives space for the evidence collected by the traffic violation "casual shooting" to be used as punishment evidence,and second,the behavior of traffic violations "casual shooting" also has some bottom lines and boundaries,and the traffic violation "casual shooting" is not "random shooting".However,it should also be noted that there are a series of problems such as imperfect punishment system and infringement of the rights and interests of the parties.Whether the evidence obtained from traffic violations reported by the public can be used as the basis for punishment by the public has always been a difficult problem for the public security traffic police department.The sample cases show that the focus of the dispute in traffic violation "casual shooting" cases mainly lies whether the public has become the subject of the "casual shooting" report of traffic violations,whether the enforcement procedures for the "casual shooting" of traffic violations are legal,whether the "casual shooting" pictures and videos of traffic violations have evidentiary effect,and whether the "casual shooting" of traffic violations is reasonable.One opinion is that although some evidence is obtained in the process of filming,although some evidence is obtained by the public through traffic violations,this shooting behavior is suspected of violating the right to privacy.Another opinion believes that the illegal reporting of traffic violations is the product of public participation in traffic management in the Internet era,and this kind of illegal reporting can play a good role in effectively alleviating road traffic pressure and stopping traffic violations.Through academic analysis and case comparison,in view of the question of whether the public has become the subject of the "casual shooting" report of traffic violations,it is clarified that the public only provides relevant clues to the public security traffic management department to investigate and deal with traffic violations,and affirms the legality of its report.In view of the question of whether the law enforcement procedures for traffic violations are legal,it is demonstrated that the public security traffic management department has not violated the obligation to notify administrative punishments,and concludes that its law enforcement procedures are legal.In view of the question of whether the "casual" pictures and videos of traffic violations have the effect of evidence,the method of substantive review of the "casual" pictures and videos of traffic violations is pointed out,and it is clarified that the pictures and videos have the effect of evidence.In view of the question of whether the "casual shooting" of traffic violations is reasonable,on the basis of determining the legality of the "casual shooting" of traffic violations,it is analyzed and demonstrated to be reasonable.更多还原