【作者】 王怡；

【导师】 周刚； 施琪；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 公共管理， 2022， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,为弥补优质教育资源稀缺、教育资源校际及地区间分布不均等问题,各地如雨后春笋般涌现了一批K12教培机构,为当地的经济发展提供了助力。教培机构的蓬勃发展带来了一系列的问题,如不良竞争、扰乱教育秩序、卷款跑路、虚假宣传等,使人民群众的权益受到了损失。针对上述情况,教育部陆续颁布了一系列规范K12教培机构的政策,如K12校外培训机构的分类管理、收费管理等,在教育选拔的公平性、减轻家长教育负担等问题上发挥了一定作用,但政策的实施过程中仍存在一些漏洞。2021年,国家“双减”政策落地,在这个教育改革大背景下,让课外培训机构的行为正常化也成为“双减”政策实施的重要举措,目前只有不断规范校外培训机构的办学行为,才能有效促进K12教培机构的良性发展,达到区域内教育公平普惠的目的。本文在“双减”政策大背景下,通过对公共管理相关理论研究,以天津市B区K12校外培训机构的政府规制为例,运用访谈法、问卷调查法等研究方法层层刨析,将理论研究与实证研究相结合,研究重点是B区K12教培机构与政府规制相关的行为。对该区域K12教培机构政府规制提供有效的经验借鉴。通过对B区教培机构的调查研究,B区政府对教培机构的规制存在着实施主体方面缺失合力、政策实施过程中缺乏监督、退出流程尚未完善等问题。分析原因是政策实施主体自身的局限性、政策实施效果缺乏监督考核,政策实施流程不完善等。针对上述问题,以新公共管理理论为基础,从凝聚实施主体合力、完善考核法律法规、加强政策流程管理等方面提出优化建议,从而有效缓解K12教培机构出现市场失灵的状况,保障K12教培机构良性发展,促进B区的教育资源优质均衡发展,使“双减”政策落到实处,维护人民群众切身利益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,in order to compensate for the scarcity of high-quality educational resources,the uneven distribution of educational resources between schools and regions,and the high-quality and balanced development of education,the Ministry of Education has successively promulgated a series of policies to regulate K12 education and training institutions.This is the most important since the reform and opening up.The adjustment of education policy in China marks a comprehensive turn in education orientation.Policies such as stipulating the profitability of K12off-campus training institutions and strengthening the classification and management of K12 training institutions have been widely rolled out across the country,which has played a certain role in the fairness of education selection and the reduction of parents’ education burden.In 2021,the national "double reduction" policy will be implemented.Under the background of education reform,standardizing the school-running behavior of off-campus training institutions has become an important supporting measure to implement the "double reduction".Only by fully exerting the role of campus education can we effectively promote the region The purpose of education fairness and benefit.The government regulation of off-campus training institutions in District B of Tianjin has been implemented for 3 years and has achieved certain results.There are also some practical problems.In the process of government regulation and implementation of K12 off-campus training institutions in District B,Tianjin,there are problems that policy implementation entities have not formed joint forces,policy implementation processes lack effective supervision,and policy implementation effects are not ideal.The reasons for comprehensive analysis are the limitations of policy implementation entities.Lack of supervision and assessment of the effect of policy implementation,and insufficient publicity for policy implementation.In response to the above problems,on the basis of theoretical research,through investigation and research,using research methods such as questionnaire surveys,interviews,etc.,to conduct an in-depth analysis of the government regulations of K12 education and training institutions in District B of Tianjin,find out the problems and analyze the reasons.Suggestions are put forward to optimize the implementation of the teacher exchange and rotation policy in terms of promoting the implementation of the main body to perform due diligence,improving relevant laws and regulations,and strengthening the public opinion and guidance of the policy.Through the research on the implementation of government regulations for K12 education and training institutions in District B of Tianjin,starting from the actual situation in District B,we will continuously improve the implementation plan and optimize supporting measures to ensure that K12 education and training institutions avoid market failures and achieve healthy development.So as to promote the high-quality and balanced development of educational resources in District B.更多还原