【作者】 任伟；

【导师】 曾凡军；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】以陕西省Y监狱为例

【摘要】 监狱作为强制型公共组织,根据宪法和法律的授权,通过实行惩罚和改造相结合的方式,遵循教育和劳动相结合的原则,将罪犯改造成为守法公民。近年来,随着我国社会的不断发展进步,陕西省Y监狱罪犯已经进入“第三代”,该类罪犯以财产型和暴力型犯罪类型为主,刑期以短刑犯为主,文化程度以初中文化程度为主要类型,性格上以自我为中心,功利思想严重,贪图享受,好逸恶劳为主要特征,整体呈现出改造积极性不高的特点,对新时代下狱政管理提出了新的挑战。因此,监狱需要进一步强化对罪犯的监管改造、劳动改造和教育改造,通过各种激励政策调动“第三代罪犯”改造的积极性,以减少其在狱内抗劳抗管、自伤自残、狱内犯罪、甚至越狱等不良事件的发生,进一步矫治罪犯不良观念和恶习,降低罪犯再次犯罪的概率,帮助罪犯培养谋生技能,顺利回归社会。当前,学者从激励理论、激励机制、激励方式等不同角度与层面对如何提升罪犯改造积极性进行了研究,但笔者发现,针对“第三代罪犯”这类群体所开展的激励性研究基本没有。对此,笔者以陕西省Y监狱986名“第三代罪犯”为研究对象,基于ERG理论,通过文献阅读、访谈、问卷调查、数据分析等研究方法,发现这类罪犯在监狱日常改造的过程中,由于日常用度同质化、劳动生产效率低、亲情帮教强度不足、狱内工余活动单一、刑事奖励政策悬浮以及执行过程中人为收窄等问题,导致“第三代罪犯”改造确实存在积极性不高的现象。为此,笔者提出构建“罪犯激励闭环”,并从丰富物资品类、提升生产效率、夯实交流渠道、创新活动形式、加强部门协调,规范刑事奖励制度等方面入手,采取“多层次激励”模式,从而达到提升“第三代罪犯”改造积极性的目的。这也为稳定监狱狱政管理,提升罪犯整体改造质量,促进新时代监狱工作的科学发展,提供了有益的思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a compulsory public organization,prisons transform criminals into law-abiding citizens according to the authorization of the Constitution and the law,through the combination of punishment and transformation,and following the principle of combining education and labor.In recent years,with the continuous development and progress of our society,the criminals of Y prison in Shaanxi Province have entered the ’ third generation ’.This type of criminals is mainly based on property and violent crime types.The sentence is mainly short-term prisoners.The degree of education is mainly based on the degree of junior high school culture.The main type is self-centered,utilitarian thinking is serious,greedy for enjoyment,good and evil work is the main feature.The whole shows the characteristics of low enthusiasm for transformation,which poses new challenges to the management of prison administration in the new era.Therefore,prisons need to further strengthen the supervision and reform of criminals,labor reform and education reform,mobilize the enthusiasm of ’third-generation criminals ’ reform through various incentive policies,so as to reduce the occurrence of adverse events such as anti-work and anti-management in prison,self-injury and self-mutilation,crime in prison,and even escape from prison,further correct criminals ’ bad ideas and bad habits,reduce the probability of criminals ’ re-crime,help criminals develop livelihood skills,and smoothly return to society.At present,scholars have studied how to improve the enthusiasm of criminals ’ reform from different angles and levels,such as incentive theory,incentive mechanism and incentive mode.However,the author finds that there is basically no incentive research for groups such as ’ third-generation criminals ’.In this regard,the author takes 986 ’ third-generation criminals ’ in Y prison of Shaanxi Province as the research object.Based on the ERG theory,through literature reading,interviews,questionnaires,data analysis and other research methods,it is found that in the process of daily reform of prisons,due to the homogenization of daily use,low labor productivity,insufficient intensity of family help and education,single after-work activities in prison,suspension of criminal reward policies and artificial narrowing in the implementation process,the ’ third-generation criminals ’ reform does have a low enthusiasm.To this end,the author proposes to build a ’ criminal incentive closed-loop ’,and start from the aspects of enriching material categories,improving production efficiency,consolidating communication channels,innovating forms of activities,strengthening departmental coordination,and standardizing the criminal reward system.Take the ’ multi-level incentive ’model,so as to achieve the purpose of improving the enthusiasm of the ’ third generation of criminals ’ to transform.This also provides useful thinking for stabilizing prison management,improving the overall quality of criminal reform,and promoting the scientific development of prison work in the new era.更多还原