【作者】 王倩；

【导师】 李晓峰；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 建筑学（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 历史上皖西南地区有过多次大规模的人口迁移运动。人口迁徙带来的文化冲击和交融,使皖西南文化极具开放性和兼容性,也造就了皖西南地区丰富多样的民居建筑形态。本文通过人口迁徙的过程,梳理出皖西南地区的聚落与建筑发展和演变过程,并在各种因素的共同作用下,对皖西南建筑形式的变迁进行探讨。在对不同历史时期下皖西南民居形态的系统性总结之后,通过研究皖西南历史上三次人口迁徙的路线及影响范围,以该背景下现存的移民民居作为主要研究对象。本文对移民影响下的皖西南传统聚落与民居的基本特征的梳理和总结:首先按照聚落选址与形态、民居形制及空间特征、民居结构及建筑装饰进行概括性阐述,为之后部分的演进和对比提供基础资料;其次对皖西南地区六个批次认证的22个传统村落进行基础资料研究,选取了保存较为完整且研究价值较高的11个聚落进行实地田野调查。本文的研究重点是,结合调研案例从传统聚落的形态到民居的平面、立面、构架等角度总结明清皖西南民居的基本形态的演变。其次从演变视角出发对皖西南移民路线特定地区的民居特征、建筑元素、平面格局以及立面形式的对比探究其与皖西南民居的演变规律进而进行总结梳理。本文结论为:皖西南民居在移民文化的影响下,通常身处不同地势下,因地制宜形成了灵活多变的建筑式样,融合了江西民居的特征并对陕南的传统民居带来了一定的变化。在结构,空间使用以及风水朝向,主人习惯等都有了变通及改变。通过本文的梳理,能够对明清时期江西迁入到迁出到陕西这一移民活动下的皖西南民居影响进行较为清晰的地域性梳理,为未来生态移民建设提供参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the history,there have been many large-scale population migration movements in southwest Anhui.The cultural impact and blend brought by population migration make the culture of southwest Anhui extremely open and compatible,and also create the rich and diverse residential architecture forms in southwest Anhui.Through the process of population migration,this paper sorts out the development and evolution of settlements and architecture in southwest Anhui,and discusses the changes of architectural forms in southwest Anhui under the joint action of various factors.After systematically summarizing the folk houses in southwest Anhui in different historical periods,this paper studies the routes and influence areas of the three population migrations in the history of southwest Anhui,and takes the existing migrant houses in this background as the main research object.This paper sorts out and summarizes the basic characteristics of traditional settlements and folk houses in southwest Anhui under the influence of immigrants.Firstly,it gives a general description according to settlement location and form,shape and spatial characteristics of folk houses,structure and architectural decoration of folk houses,so as to provide basic information for the evolution and comparison of the following parts.Secondly,the basic data of 22 traditional villages certified in six batches in southwest Anhui were studied,and 11 settlements with relatively complete preservation and high research value were selected for field investigation.The research focus of this paper is to summarize the evolution of the basic form of the folk houses in southwest Anhui in Ming and Qing dynasties from the traditional settlement form to the plane,facade and frame of the folk houses.Secondly,from the perspective of evolution,the author compares the characteristics,architectural elements,plane pattern and facade forms of residential buildings in specific areas along the migration route in southwest Anhui and explores the evolution law of residential buildings in southwest Anhui.The conclusion of this paper is as follows: Under the influence of immigrant culture,the folk houses in southwest Anhui usually live in different terrain and form flexible architectural styles according to local conditions,integrating the characteristics of Jiangxi folk houses and bringing certain changes to the traditional folk houses in southern Shaanxi.In the structure,the use of space and feng shui orientation,the owner’s habits have been adapted and changed.Through the review of this paper,it is possible to conduct a clear regional review of the influence of the folk houses in southwest Anhui under the immigration activities of Jiangxi moving into and out of Shaanxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and provide reference value for the future construction of ecological immigration.更多还原