【作者】 刘玲；

【导师】 陈玉兰； 苏武峥；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 农用地膜起到了增温保墒、提高土壤肥力、防治病虫害等的效果,它的应用能实现农作物大幅度增产增收,同时也是种子、农药和化肥之外重要的农业生产资料之一。新疆作为我国重要的农产品生产基地,地膜覆盖栽培技术已广泛应用于玉米、棉花等多数农作物,地膜使用量巨大,2021年农用地膜使用量达24.04万t,农用地膜覆盖面积达360.62万hm~2,但长期以来重使用、轻回收造成地膜残留的“白色污染”问题日益凸显,为从源头上解决“白色污染”问题,我国开始推广“全生物可降解地膜”,生物降解地膜是普通地膜的替代产品之一,具有广阔的发展前景,但是新疆作为生物降解地膜中重点示范区之一,实际应用仍非常有限。在此背景下,本研究从农户视角切入,重点研究新疆农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿及影响因素分析,通过文献综述法、实地调查法和实证分析法相结合研究分析新疆农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿。首先,分析新疆地膜使用现状,包括农业生产概况、农用地膜使用现状及生物降解地膜推广情况;其次,以农户行为理论、需求理论等为基础,利用调研数据从农户个体特征、生产经营特征、认知特征和外部环境四方面对农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿进行描述性统计分析;最后,在现有研究的基础上构建二元Logistic回归模型对农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿进行实证分析,明确农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿的主要影响因素并利用交叉分析法分析不同条件下新疆农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿影响因素的差异性。研究结果表明:样本农户中72.9%的农户愿意采纳生物降解地膜,采纳意愿较强烈;农户的受教育程度、2022年家庭农业收入、2022年家庭种植规模、农户残膜回收经济成本认知、农户残膜回收时间成本认知、农资店距离和政府宣传会对农户采纳生物降解地膜产生显著的正向影响,务农年限会对农户采纳生物降解地膜产生显著的负向影响;不同受教育程度、不同家庭经营特征和不同认知特征对农户生物降解地膜采纳意愿呈现出差异性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agricultural mulch has played an important role in increasing soil moisture,improving soil fertility,and preventing and controlling diseases and pests.Its application can achieve a substantial increase in crop yield and income,and it is also one of the important agricultural production materials besides seeds,pesticides and fertilizers.As an important agricultural production base in Xinjiang,mulching cultivation technology has been widely applied to most crops such as corn and cotton.The amount of mulching film is huge.In 2021,the amount of agricultural mulching film is 240,400 tons,and the covered area of agricultural mulching film is 3.6062 million hm~2.However,the problem of"white pollution"caused by heavy use and light recycling has become increasingly prominent for a long time.In order to solve the problem of"white pollution"at the source,China has begun to promote"whole biodegradable mulching film".Biodegradable mulching film is one of the alternative products of ordinary mulching film and has a broad development prospect.Practical applications are still very limited.In this context,from the perspective of farmers,this study focuses on the adoption intention and influencing factors analysis of Xinjiang farmers’biodegradable mulch,and analyzes the adoption intention of Xinjiang farmers’biodegradable mulch through literature review method,field investigation method and empirical analysis method.Firstly,the current situation of mulch use in Xinjiang was analyzed,including the general situation of agricultural production,the current situation of agricultural mulch use and the promotion of biodegradable mulch.Secondly,on the basis of farmer behavior theory and demand theory,descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on farmers’willingness to adopt biodegradable mulch from the perspectives of individual characteristics,production and management characteristics,cognitive characteristics and external environment using survey data.Finally,on the basis of existing studies,a binary Logistic regression model was constructed to make an empirical analysis of farmers’willingness to adopt biodegradable mulch,to identify the main influencing factors of farmers’willingness to adopt biodegradable mulch,and to analyze the differences of influencing factors of farmers’willingness to adopt biodegradable mulch in Xinjiang under different conditions by cross analysis.The results showed that72.9%of the sample farmers were willing to adopt biodegradable mulching film,and the intention was strong.Farmers’education level,household agricultural income in 2022,household planting scale in 2022,cognition of economic cost of recycling residual film,cognition of time cost of recycling residual film,distance of agricultural materials store and government publicity had significant positive influence on the adoption of biodegradable mulch film by farmers,while years of farming had significant negative influence on the adoption of biodegradable mulch film by farmers.Different levels of education,household management characteristics and cognitive characteristics have different effects on farmers’willingness to adopt biodegradable mulch.更多还原