【作者】 李超；

【导师】 卢苇；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 软件工程（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 随着智能制造的不断发展,使用CAPP系统进行工艺路线规划和工艺数据管理正成为制造领域研究的热点。功能丰富的CAPP系统可以减少工艺人员的劳动强度、保障工艺规划的质量。国内目前的制造企业,使用的主流软件均是西门子等国外公司开发的软件,而使用国产软件的少之又少。本文依托的某制造企业实际项目,正是在智能制造领域进行国产软件研发的一次尝试,而本文所研究的内容也是此领域的重点和难点。根据此项目,本文研究了工艺知识数据在CAPP系统中的表示和存储,设计了为加工特征匹配加工工艺链的相关算法,实现了零件工艺路线规划的智能算法,同时开发了零件智能工艺管理系统。其中主要的研究内容如下:(1)研究工艺知识数据的表示和存储。基于本体思想为待加工零件建立工艺数据模型,实现零件工艺信息的良好表达。同时,系统地整理企业的各类工艺知识,设计及构建相关数据库,实现工艺知识的有序高效存储。(2)研究加工工艺链匹配算法。针对待加工零件的加工特征属性,结合已有的工艺知识库,采用基于模糊综合评价法的加工工艺链匹配算法为加工特征匹配工艺链,并设计相关评价函数。根据工艺规划需求对加工工步进行建模,并将加工工艺链拆解得到加工工步,实现由零件工艺数据得到加工工步序列集合。(3)研究零件工艺路线规划相关方法。根据零件加工过程中存在的工艺顺序要求,定义加工工步顺序约束图,并研究工步顺序约束图生成算法,实现根据各加工特征属性自动生成工步顺序约束图。同时,以机床、刀具和夹具的最小更换次数作为优化目标,将蚁群算法结合工步顺序约束图进行改进,实现对工步序列的优化排序,得到最优的零件加工工艺路线。(4)进行系统界面的设计与开发。针对研究的工艺数据管理和工艺路线规划算法,设计并采用Py QT开发相关的系统界面,实现对各类工艺数据的良好储存及管理,以及通过人机交互进行工艺路线的智能规划。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of intelligent manufacturing,using CAPP system for process route planning and process data management is becoming a hot research topic in manufacturing field.CAPP system with rich functions can reduce the labor intensity of process personnel and guarantee the quality of process planning.At present,the mainstream software used by domestic manufacturing enterprises is Siemens and other foreign companies developed software,and the use of domestic software is very few.The actual project of a manufacturing enterprise that this thesis relies on is an attempt to research and develop domestic software in the field of intelligent manufacturing,and the content of this thesis is also the focus and difficulty of this field.According to this project,this thesis studies the representation and storage of process knowledge data in CAPP system,designs the relevant algorithm to match the process chain for the processing features,realizes the intelligent algorithm of the parts process route planning,and develops the parts intelligent process management system.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Study the representation and storage of process knowledge data.The process data model is established for the parts to be machined based on ontology idea to realize the good expression of the parts process information.At the same time,all kinds of process knowledge of enterprises are systematically sorted out,and relevant databases are designed and constructed to realize the orderly and efficient storage of process knowledge.(2)Study the process chain matching algorithm.According to the machining characteristic attributes of the parts to be machined,combining with the existing process knowledge base,the process chain matching algorithm based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to match the feature process chain,and the related evaluation function was designed.According to the requirements of process planning,the work step was modeled,the process chain was disassembled to get the work step,and the sequence set of work step was obtained from the parts process data.(3)Research related method of parts process route planning.According to the requirements of the process sequence in the machining process,the sequence constraint diagram of work steps was defined,and the algorithm of generating the sequence constraint diagram of work steps was studied to realize the automatic generation of the sequence constraint diagram of work steps according to the characteristics of each machining.At the same time,the minimum replacement times of machine tool,cutter and fixture was taken as the optimization objective,and the ant colony algorithm was combined with the constraint diagram of work step sequence to improve the optimization sequencing of working step sequence,and the optimal parts processing route was obtained.(4)Design and develop the system interface.Aiming at the process data management and process route planning algorithm,Py QT is used to design and develop the related system interface,so as to realize the good storage and management of various process data,as well as intelligent planning of process route through human-computer interaction.更多还原