【作者】 苏雅；

【导师】 讷木和吉日嘎拉；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古大学 ， 中国少数民族经济学， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】以阿鲁科尔沁旗巴彦温都尔苏木为例

【摘要】 内蒙古牧区“草畜平衡”政策背景之下牧民开始相互之间进行载畜量交易。研究分析载畜量交易影响因素及其对牧区牧民的影响,对草原畜牧业的可持续发展具有积极意义。本文基于赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗巴彦温都尔苏木的入户调研数据,采用logit模型分析了载畜量交易影响因素,进一步利用案例分析探讨了载畜量交易对牧民生活水平的影响。结果表明:首先,户主年龄、打草场年产量对牧户是否购买载畜量有正向作用;人均夏营地面积对是否购买载畜量有负向影响;而家畜头数对牧户载畜量交易具有显著的正向作用。其次,载畜量交易一方面给载畜量指标出售户提供了一种有效利用草场使用权的渠道,同时提供了一定的经济收入来源。另一方面,购买户虽然通过载畜量交易,保持合理扩大牲畜规模,进而能够增加牧业收入,但是由于牧区气候干旱以及人口因素,牧民面临的风险和生产经营成本大幅增加,从而导致牧民收入下降。再次,载畜量交易的短期生态效益以牧民的收入下降为代价,而长期生态效益不一定能实现。最后,载畜量交易目前还只处于初期阶段,在实施过程及载畜量指标制定环节中存在众多问题,若不及时进行合理调整将会脱离牧民生活。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the background of "grass-livestock balancing" policy in Inner Mongolia pastoral areas,herders started to trade their stock capacity with each other.It is of positive significance to study and analyze the factors influencing the carrying capacity trade and its impact on the pastoral areas for the sustainable development of grassland livestock husbandry.Based on the household survey data of Bayanundur Sumu in Arukorqin Banner,Chifeng City,this paper analyzed the factors influencing stock capacity trade using logit model,and further explored the impact of stocking capacity trade on herders’ life using case studies.The results showed that: firstly,the age of the household head and the annual output of grassland had a positive effect on whether the herding households purchased the stock capacity;the per capita summer camp area had a negative effect on whether they purchased the stock capacity;and the number of domestic animals had a significant positive effect on the herding households’ stock capacity trade; secondly,the carrying capacity transaction provided a channel for the selling households to effectively use the right to use grassland and provided a certain source of economic income,On the other hand,although the purchasing households can increase the scale of livestock reasonably by carrying capacity trade,the income of herdsmen decreases because of the climate drought and population factors in pastoral areas,the carrying capacity trade makes the risks and production and operation costs of herdsmen greatly and leads to the decrease of herdsmen’s income.Again,the short-term ecological effect of stock capacity trading is at the expense of herders’ income,while the long-term ecological effect may not be realized.Finally,the stock capacity trading is still in the initial stage,there are many problems in the process of implementing process and the development of livestock load indicators,which will be detached from herders’ lives if reasonable adjustments are not made in time.更多还原