【作者】 杨俊；

【导师】 寇子明；

【作者基本信息】 太原理工大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 在中长距离散装物料运输设备中,带式输送机因其运量大、成本低等特点,在物料运输领域中逐渐占据与汽车、火车等同等重要的地位。输送带是带式输送机的关键部件,由无数条新胶带胶接而成。随着带式输送机朝着大运量、长距离方向发展,高强度的钢丝绳芯输送带被广泛使用。钢丝绳芯输送带胶接前需要将硫化头内部钢丝绳剥离出来,目前钢丝绳的分离过程仍以人工作业为主,主要存在劳动强度大、作业效率低、安全隐患大、接头质量不稳定等弊端。输送带接头强度是最薄弱的部位,因此保证接头质量的稳定性至关重要。本文针对人工作业存在的问题,设计了一台强力输送带硫化头钢丝绳芯分离装备,并对其进行了一定研究。本文首先对传统人工作业流程进行分析,针对其作业特点以及存在的问题,设计了一套机械化分离新工艺。在机械化分离工艺的基础上对分离装备总体方案进行设计,并对分离装备关键部件进行设计与改进,其中包括切割方案设计、驱动系统设计、切刀进给系统设计及改进、送带辅助结构设计等。设计过程中,考虑到钢丝绳芯输送带的结构特点,采用两种不同刀型的切刀对输送带进行两次切割;以带式输送机传动方式为灵感,设计了一种滚筒驱动的驱动系统;并针对实际作业过程中存在的问题,对进给系统和辅助结构进行设计与改进。其次,为提高设备使用寿命和降低能耗,对切割力影响因素做了相应的研究,找到了刀具最佳工作角度以及对切割力影响最大的因素。研究过程中先是对切割力影响因素进行研究,并对切刀受力进行理论分析,得到影响切割力最大因素是切刀前角和刃倾角。在此基础上,利用ABAQUS对输送带切割过程进行动力学仿真分析,得到切刀前角在63°附近时切割力最小,刃倾角为16°时比刃倾角为0°时切割力减小13.82%,并验证了切割方案的可行性。最后通过虚拟正交试验得到刃倾角对切割力的影响大于前角。接着,在切割方案可行的情况下,为进一步提高装备使用寿命、降低劳动强度,对分离装备关键部件进行了力学分析。先是对进给系统进行力学分析,并对切刀进给过程进行动力学仿真分析,得到进给系统受力,在此基础上对凸轮机构进行动力学仿真分析,验证了进给部件的可靠性。接着对输送带受辊压过程进行动力学分析,得到辊压过程对输送带质量的影响在合理范围内。最后对箱体和切刀进行了谐响应分析,发现箱体在74Hz和136Hz两个频率附近振动幅度最大,切刀结构改进后振幅减小77%。最后,对分离装备制作了样机,并搭建了测试试验台。首先进行了空载测试,得到装备各系统运行良好、无干涉,验证了结构设计的合理性。接着利用力传感器和夹带设备测试了装备驱动力和对应的电流,得到最大驱动力,并通过电流对比得到切割力大小。最后,通过观察输送带分离后的表面质量,覆盖胶被一次性切除,钢丝绳留有0.3mm左右的原芯胶,分离效果较好,验证了装备的可行性。与人工作业相比,降低了劳动强度且效率相对提高80%以上,基本实现机械化作业。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the medium and long distance bulk material transportation equipment,the belt conveyor has gradually occupied the same important position as the automobile and train in the material transportation field because of its large volume and low cost.As a key component of belt conveyor,conveyor belt is made of numerous new strips of adhesive tape.With the development of belt conveyor towards large volume and long distance,high-strength steel wire rope conveyor belt is widely used.Before bonding the steel wire rope core conveyor belt,it is necessary to peel off the internal steel wire rope of the vulcanizing head.At present,the separation process of the steel wire rope is still mainly manual work,which mainly has disadvantages such as high labor intensity,low efficiency,hidden danger and unstable joint quality.The joint strength of conveyor belt is the weakest part,so it is very important to ensure the stability of the joint quality.In this paper,aiming at the problems existing in manual operation,a strong conveyor belt vulcanized head steel wire rope core separation equipment is designed and studied.In this thesis,the traditional manual operation process is analyzed,aiming at its operation characteristics and existing problems,a set of new mechanized separation technology is designed.On the basis of mechanized separation technology,the overall scheme of separation equipment is designed,and the key components of separation equipment are designed and improved,including cutting scheme design,drive system design,cutting tool feed system design and improvement,tape feed auxiliary structure design,etc.In the design process,considering the structural characteristics of the steel wire rope conveyor belt,two different cutter types are used to cut the conveyor belt twice.Inspired by the driving mode of belt conveyor,a roller driving system is designed.In view of the problems existing in the actual operation process,the feed system and auxiliary structure are designed and improved.Secondly,in order to improve the service life of the equipment and reduce energy consumption,the cutting force influencing factors to do the corresponding research,find the best working Angle of the tool and the most influential factors on the cutting force.In the process of research,the factors affecting cutting force are studied first,and the force of the cutter is analyzed theoretically,and it is concluded that the biggest factors affecting cutting force are the front Angle of the cutter and the Angle of the edge.On this basis,ABAQUS was used to carry out dynamic simulation analysis on the cutting process of conveyor belt.It was obtained that the cutting force was minimum when the front Angle of cutter was near 63°,and the cutting force was reduced 13.82% when the Angle of blade was 16° compared with that when the Angle of blade was 0°,and the feasibility of the cutting scheme was verified.Finally,through virtual orthogonal experiment,the effect of edge Angle on cutting force is greater than that of front Angle.Then,in order to further improve the service life of the equipment and reduce the labor intensity,the mechanical analysis of the key parts of the separated equipment is carried out when the cutting scheme is feasible.Firstly,the mechanical analysis of the feed system is carried out,and the dynamic simulation analysis of the cutter feed process is carried out to obtain the force of the feed system.On this basis,the dynamic simulation analysis of the feed system is carried out to verify the reliability of the CAM mechanism.Then,the dynamic analysis of the rolling process of the conveyor belt is carried out,and the influence of the rolling process on the quality of the conveyor belt is within a reasonable range.Finally,the harmonic response analysis of the box and the cutter is carried out.It is found that the vibration amplitude of the box is the largest near the two frequencies of 74 Hz and 136 Hz,and the amplitude of the cutter is reduced by 77% after the improvement of the structure.Finally,a prototype of the separation equipment is made and a test bench is built.First of all,no-load test is carried out,and the results show that the system of the equipment runs well without interference,which verifies the rationality of the structure design.Then the force sensor and entrainment equipment were used to test the driving force of the equipment and the corresponding current,and the maximum driving force was obtained,and the cutting force was obtained by comparing the current.Finally,by observing the surface quality of the conveyor belt after separation,the covering glue is cut off in one go,and the steel wire rope is left with about 0.3mm of raw core glue.The separation effect is good,which verifies the feasibility of the equipment.Compared with manual operation,the labor intensity is reduced and the efficiency is increased by more than 80%,basically realizing mechanization operation.更多还原