【作者】 王涛；

【导师】 杜晶晶；

【作者基本信息】 安徽财经大学 ， 企业管理， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】基于资源编排理论

【摘要】 二十大报告强调推动战略性新兴产业融合集群发展,各地衍生出多个创业生态系统,成为推动我国经济增长的新引擎。新创企业存在资源匮乏、合法性不足等“新生弱性”,面临巨大的生存压力。而资源编排行动是企业管理资源应对环境不确定的重要途径,同时也是实现资源向竞争优势转换的中间桥梁。故在创业生态系统中新创企业采取何种资源编排行动与内外环境相适配,克服“新生弱性”,利用生态系统优势实现成长是亟待解决的重要课题。现有学者更多关注资源编排的各个维度对企业成长的净效应,忽视了不同维度对结果的共同影响。另外,新创企业成长不仅取决于资源行动,还取决于企业战略和外部资源情境。只有当企业资源编排行动与战略导向、资源情境要素相匹配,才更有可能在创业生态系统中实现高成长。基于资源编排理论、战略匹配理论,本研究遵循“环境——战略导向——行为”理论逻辑,采用基于组态视角的fs QCA方法,探讨创业生态系统中资源情境、创业生态导向和资源编排影响新创企业成长的因果复杂机制。利用问卷调研创业园、孵化器和产业园中38家样本企业(其中包括27家新创企业),通过数据分析对比新创企业高成长与非高成长、新创企业与一般企业成长要素组合,得出以下研究结论:(1)单个要素并不构成新创企业高成长的必要条件,但在创业生态系统中,相较于一般企业,创业生态导向对于新创企业成长的作用更加明显;(2)新创企业的资源编排行动与企业战略相契合,与资源情境相适配,方能促进企业持续成长;(3)新创企业高成长路径有2种等效组态可归纳为深度捆绑型、快速变现型,非高成长路径有2种等效组态可归纳为低效编排型、劳而无功型,并且企业高成长与非高成长组态存在非对称关系,产生高成长的原因和非高成长原因并非完全对立。本研究探讨创业生态系统情境对新创企业成长的影响,从资源编排视角解构了创业生态系统中新创企业成长的关键要素,不仅拓展了“生态导向”等全新战略姿态在新创企业中的应用,深化资源编排理论的使用情境,更从复杂观与整体观视角构建全新竞争环境下新创企业成长的理论框架,为新创企业要转变思维,由“单打独斗”转向“互融同构”提供指导,亦为引导各类要素向创业生态系统集聚,提升创业生态系统的资源配置水平提供政策支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasizes promoting the development of strategic emerging industry integration clusters,and multiple entrepreneurial ecosystems have been derived from various regions,becoming a new engine for promoting China’s economic growth.New ventures have " liability of newness " such as lack of resources and legitimacy,and are facing enormous survival pressure.Resource orchestration is an important way for enterprises to manage resources in response to environmental uncertainty,and it is also an intermediate bridge to achieve the transformation of resources to competitive advantage.Therefore,in the entrepreneurial ecosystem,it is an important issue to be urgently solved that how to adapt the resource orchestration actions of new ventures to the internal and external environment,overcome the " liability of newness",and utilize the advantages of the ecosystem to achieve growth.Existing scholars pay more attention to the net effect of various dimensions of resource orchestration on enterprise growth,ignoring the common impact of different dimensions on results.In addition,the growth of new ventures depends not only on resource actions,but also on corporate strategy and external resource scenarios.Only when enterprise resource orchestration actions match strategic orientation and resource situational elements is it more likely to achieve high growth in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Based on resource orchestration theory and strategic fit theory,this study follows the theoretical logic of "environment-strategic orientation-behavior" and adopts the fs QCA method based on configuration perspective to explore the causal complex mechanisms of resource situation,entrepreneurial ecological orientation,and resource orchestration affecting the growth of new ventures in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.Using a questionnaire survey of 38 sample enterprises(including 27 new ventures)in entrepreneurship parks,incubators,and industrial parks,the following research conclusions are drawn by comparing the growth factors of high growth and non-high growth of new ventures,as well as the combination of new ventures and general enterprises through data analysis:(1)A single factor does not constitute the necessary conditions for high growth of enterprises,but in the entrepreneurial ecosystem compared with general enterprises,entrepreneurial ecological orientation plays a more effective role in the growth of new ventures;(2)Only when the resource orchestration action of the new venture is consistent with the enterprise strategy and resource context,can it promote the sustainable growth of the enterprise;(3)There are two equivalent configurations for the high growth path of new ventures,which can be summarized as deep bundling and rapid realization.There are two equivalent configurations for non-high growth paths,which can be summarized as inefficient orchestration and futility.Moreover,there is an asymmetric relationship between high growth and non-high growth configurations,and the reasons for high growth and non-high growth are not completely opposite.This study explores the impact of entrepreneurial ecosystem situation on the growth of new ventures,deconstructs the key elements of entrepreneurial ecosystem growth from the perspective of resource orchestration,not only expands the application of new strategic attitudes such as "ecological orientation" in new ventures,deepens the use of resource orchestration theory,but also constructs a theoretical framework for the growth of new ventures in a new competitive environment from the perspective of complexity and holism,Provide guidance for new startups to transform their thinking from "solo" to "mutual integration and isomorphism",and provide policy support to guide various factors to gather in the entrepreneurial ecosystem and improve the resource allocation level of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.更多还原