【作者】 陈红；

【导师】 曹霞；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 材料科学与工程， 2021， 硕士

【摘要】 摩擦纳米发电机基于摩擦起电和静电感应的耦合效应,可以收集生活中广泛存在的风能、水能、振动能、转动能和人体运动产生的能量,并将这些能量转换成电能,经储存的电能可以用来为手表、计算器甚至手机等各种电子设备供电。除此之外,摩擦纳米发电机还可以用作自驱动传感器,在健康监测、电子皮肤、环境保护、安全监视等领域广泛应用。目前,摩擦纳米发电机的摩擦层材料多为价格昂贵且不环保的金属和合成高分子,天然高分子材料具有来源广泛,价格低廉,机械性能优良且对环境友好等优点,在摩擦纳米发电机中具有很大的应用前景。本文选用壳聚糖,丝素蛋白两种天然高分子材料与无尘纸复合成膜(CSA复合薄膜),作为其中一个摩擦层与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)薄膜一起构建了一个单电极式摩擦纳米发电机(CSA-TENG)。经测试,CSA-TENG在摩擦层尺寸大小为4 cm×4 cm的情况下输出电压达135 V,输出电流达7μA,在电阻负载为21.11 MΩ时输出功率达到最大值430μW,相应的功率密度为268.8 mW/m~2。相比于金属、尼龙以及纸张等普遍存在的摩擦正电性材料,CSA复合薄膜表现出更加优异的摩擦起电性能。同时,经测试证明将CSA-TENG收集的机械能转化成电能储存在电容器中,可以用来持续点亮电子手表和湿度计。为了使CSA复合薄膜更好地应用于收集人体运动能量,选用CSA复合薄膜与聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)薄膜构建了一个双电极式摩擦纳米发电机(CSA-D-TENG)。在手指按压下,该发电机能产生36 V的输出电压2.3μA的输出电流。将该发电机应用于手掌拍和蹦床中,可以广泛收集人体手臂晃动和跳跃产生的能量。CSA-D-TENG还可用于收集人体手肘、手腕弯曲或者人体行走、跳跃、跑步时的能量,在收集生物机械能方面具有广泛的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the coupling effect of triboelectrification and electrostatic induction,triboelectric nanogenerator can collect the energy generated by wind energy,water energy,vibration energy,rotation energy and human movement,and convert these energies into electrical energies.The stored electrical energy can be used to power various electronic devices such as watches,calculators and even mobile phones.In addition,triboelectric nanogenerator can also be used as self-driving sensor,which is widely used in health monitoring,electronic skin,environmental protection,safety monitoring and other fields.At present,the triboelectric layer materials of triboelectric nanogenerator are mostly expensive and environmentally friendly metals and synthetic polymers.Natural polymer material has the advantages of abundant availability,low price,excellent mechanical properties and environment-friendliness,it has a great application prospect in triboelectric nanogenerator.In this paper,chitosan-silk fibroin-airlaid paper composite film(CSA film)and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film were used as triboelectric layers to construct a single electrode triboelectric nanogenerator(CSA-TENG).When the size of triboelectric layers is 4 cm×4 cm,the output voltage is up to 135 V and the output current is up to 7μA.When the resistance load is 21.11 mΩ,the output power reaches the maximum 430μW.The corresponding power density is 268.8mw/m~2.Compared with the common positively triboelectric materials such as metal,nylon and paper,CSA film shows better triboelectrification properties.Moreover,it is proved that the mechanical energies collected and converted by CSA-TENG can be stored in the capacitor to continuously light up electronic watches and hygrometers,which shows a good energy supply effect.In order to make CSA film better used to collect human motion energy,a double electrode triboelectric nanogenerator(CSA-D-TENG)was constructed by using CSA film and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)film.The output voltage reaches to 36 V and the output current reaches to 2.3μA when CSA-D-TENG was pressed by fingers.When CSA-D-TENG is applied to hand clapper and trampoline,the energy generated by human arm shaking and jumping can be widely collected.CSA-D-TENG also can be used to collect the energy of human elbow and wrist bending or human walking,jumping and running.It has a wide application prospect in collecting biomechanical energy.更多还原