【作者】 张琦；

【导师】 赖国伟；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 企业管理， 2022， 硕士

【副题名】组织资源冗余在竞争性环境中的作用

【摘要】 资源是组织发展的重要基础,如何优化企业资源配置是企业管理中的经典议题。现有研究对于组织资源冗余作用争议不断,组织资源冗余在不同情境下对组织发挥了什么样的作用有待进一步厘清。本文以2121家A股制造业上市公司,以2016-2020年为研究区间,关注于不同行业环境(行业动态性、行业竞争性)中组织资源冗余对组织绩效的影响。基于资源基础理论、动态能力理论,结合NCA和QCA两种新兴研究方法,从必要性分析及组态视角分析分别探究了在“高动态—高竞争”、“高动态—低竞争”、“低动态—高竞争”、“低动态—低竞争”四种情境下的实现高绩效/低绩效的冗余资源必要条件及组态条件。研究发现:(1)在不同的环境动态性及竞争性水平下,冗余资源的必要性存在区别。当组织环境压力处于高位或者低位时,拥有更充裕资金储备的企业更容易适应。(2)基于组态分析结果。本文一共研究了 8种高绩效组态及10种低绩效组态,结果显示出组织资源冗余组合的多样性,也就是说组织实现高绩效的资源冗余组合并非只有“唯一最佳”组合。但是,在这种冗余资源组合中也表现出一定共性,在所有高绩效组态中,均未出现高人力资源冗余。基于此,我们可以证明:不同的行业环境情境对于组织资源冗余需求不同,环境动态性和环境竞争性对于组织资源冗余的作用并非是线性叠加。组织在中等环境压力时偏好异质性资源冗余,通过为组织建立核心竞争力,打造组织竞争优势,然而组织也会同时考虑资源成本,做好冗余资源效用与成本的平衡。本文丰富了在不同环境情境下资源冗余组合的研究,研究具有一定创新性和理论价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Resources are an important foundation for organizational development,and how to optimize the allocation of enterprise resources is a classic issue in enterprise management.Existing researches continue to debate the role of organizational resource slack,and the role of organizational resource slack in different situations needs to be further clarified.This paper takes 2121 A-share listed manufacturing companies and takes 2016-2020 as the research period,focusing on the organizational performance of a single redundant resource and a combination of redundant resources in different industry environments(industry dynamics,industry competitiveness).Impact.Based on resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory,combined with two emerging research methods of NCA and QCA,from the perspective of necessity analysis and configuration analysis,the research focus on "high dynamism-high competitiveness","high dynamism-low competitiveness","low dynamism-high competitiveness","low dynamism-low competitiveness" four situations.The necessary conditions and configuration conditions of slack resources to achieve high performance/low performance under the four scenarios of "dynamic-high competition" and "low dynamic-low competition".The research found that:(1)The necessity of slack resources is different under different environmental dynamics and competition levels.In the "low dynamism-low competitiveness" scenario,the financial resources slack shows a low level of necessity.When the organizational environmental pressure is at a moderate level,that is,"high dynamism-low competitiveness" or "low dynamism-high competitiveness",the degree of technical resources slack is high,and when the organizational environmental pressure is at a high or low level,it has more slack funds Enterprises with reserves are easier to adapt.(2)Based on configuration analysis results.This paper studies a total of 8 high-performance configurations and 10 low-performance configurations.The results show the diversity of organizational resource slack combinations,that is to say,the resource slack combination for organizations to achieve high performance is not only the "single best" combination.However,there is also a certain commonality in this combination of slack resources.In all high-performance configurations,there is no high human resource slackBased on this,we can prove that different industry environmental situations have different requirements for organizational resource slack,and the effects of environmental dynamics and environmental competitiveness on organizational resource slack are not linearly superimposed.Organizations prefer heterogeneous resource slack under moderate environmental pressure.By establishing core competitiveness for the organization,the organization will create an organizational competitive advantage.However,the organization will also consider resource costs at the same time,and balance the utility and cost of redundant resources.This paper enriches the research on resource slack combination in different environmental situations,and the research has certain innovation and theoretical value.更多还原