【作者】 王静；

【导师】 秦玉清；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 教育史， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】基于教育“适应与超越”的视角

【摘要】 新中国成立初期的高等教育通过汲取旧中国高等教育的经验和学习苏联,进行了走群众路线、理论联系实际、注重党的领导等一系列的改革,在高校布局、办学规模、专业设置、领导与管理体制等方面都进行了正规化的调整。这不仅塑造了新中国成立之初高等教育的原型,更为日后高等教育事业的发展指明了方向。而教育的“适应与超越”一直是学术界对于教育本质问题研究的重点话题,从教育的适应与超越的角度出发,史论结合,在今昔对照中,在社会大背景下对新中国成立17年高等教育改革进行全面地解读,更能准确地把握我国高等教育的发展方向。因此,本文综合运用文献研究法、理论分析法、历史研究法等研究方法,将新中国成立17年的高等教育变革作为研究对象,运用教育适应与超越的辩证规律分析这种改革和变迁所遵循的规律、突出的成就以及存在的问题,并以史为鉴,进一步探讨当代我国高等教育应肩负的历史使命与发展路径,思考高等教育体制的构建,以形成高等教育与社会发展的适应与超越的良性互动关系。本文主体共分为绪论、正文第一章至第四章、结语、参考文献四个部分。正文前三章从教育适应与超越的辩证关系出发对新中国成立后17年的高等教育改革路径进行解读。根据这一时期的标志性事件与当阶段高等教育发展的特点,将这一时期分为革旧立新,建立新中国的高等教育制度(1949-1957);教育大革命与高等教育的改革(1958-1960)以及高等教育的调整与改进(1961-1966)三个阶段进行阐述。第四章在综合分析的基础上,对变革存在的主要成就和问题进行阐释反思,为我国当代高等教育发展提出对策与建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the early days of the founding of New China,by learning from the experience of higher education in old China and learning from the Soviet Union,higher education carried out a series of reforms,such as taking the mass line,integrating theory with practice,and paying attention to the leadership of the Party,and made regular adjustments in the layout of colleges and universities,the scale of running schools,the specialty setting,and the leadership and management system,which not only shaped the prototype of higher education in the early days of the founding of New China,but also pointed out the direction for the development of higher education in the future.The adaptation and transcendence of education has always been a key topic in academic research on the essence of education.From the perspective of adaptation and transcendence of education,combining history and theory,we can more accurately grasp the development direction of China’s higher education by comprehensively interpreting the reform of higher education in the 17 years since the founding of New China in the social background.Therefore,This paper comprehensively uses the research methods of literature research,theoretical analysis and historical research,taking the reform of higher education in 17 years since the founding of New China as the research object,this paper analyzes the laws,outstanding achievements and existing problems of this reform and change by using the dialectical law of educational adaptation and transcendence,and taking history as a mirror,further explores the historical mission and development path that contemporary higher education in China should shoulder,and thinks about the construction of higher education system,so as to form a benign interactive relationship between adaptation and transcendence of higher education and social development.The main body of this paper is divided into four parts: introduction,chapter one to chapter four,conclusion and references.The first three chapters of the text interpret the path of higher education reform in the 17 years after the founding of New China from the dialectical relationship between educational adaptation and transcendence.According to the landmark events of this period and the characteristics of the development of higher education at that stage,this period was divided into the establishment of a new higher education system in China(1949-1957);The education revolution and the reform of higher education(1958-1960)and the adjustment and improvement of higher education(1961-1966)are expounded.On the basis of comprehensive analysis,the fourth chapter explains and reflects on the main achievements and problems existing in the reform,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the development of contemporary higher education in China.更多还原