【作者】 王艳；

【导师】 张冲；

【作者基本信息】 西华大学 ， 社会学， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,我国老年人口规模持续扩大,人口老龄化问题不断加剧。关心老年人的生活质量,提升老年人获得感、幸福感、安全感是实现积极老龄化战略的必然要求。互联网的广泛普及和深入为实施积极应对人口老龄化的国家战略和丰富老年人生活创造了新的机遇,但同时也带来了新的挑战——老年“数字鸿沟”。本文基于2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),从数字鸿沟理论、社会比较理论和社会支持理论视角出发,综合运用Ordered probit分析、倾向得分匹配、逐步检验系数法和KHB中介检验法,探究互联网使用,包括使用与否以及使用的具体内容对中国60岁及以上老年人生活满意度的影响以及如何影响,以期为加快弥合老年数字鸿沟提供实证参考。研究发现:(1)使用互联网对生活满意度有显著的负面影响。相对于非互联网使用组,使用组的老年人生活满意度非常高的概率更低。(2)不同互联网使用内容对老年生活满意度的影响不同。相对于不上网学习、不使用微信、不刷短视频、没有网购经历的老年人,上网学习、使用微信、刷短视频、有网购经历的年人生活满意度非常高的概率更低,而玩网络游戏则对老年生活满意度没有显著影响。(3)主观社会地位和人际关系是互联网使用与生活满意度的显著中介因素。主观社会地位介导了使用互联网、使用微信和刷短视频对生活满意度的负面影响,而人际关系则在一定程度上遮蔽了使用互联网、使用微信和刷短视频对生活满意度的负面影响。由此可见,要使老年人充分享受数字红利,不能仅从技术接入端帮助老年人入网,还要解决老年人的网络适应问题。基于此,建议推动互联网适老化改造,构建数字友好社会;广泛开展老年适网教育,弥合数字“使用鸿沟”;尊重老年网络主体性,提升老年网络话语权;加强网络内容治理,提升老年网络安全意识。从而化解老年数字技术使用障碍,推动老年人共享数字发展成果,安度幸福晚年。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,the size of China’s elderly population has continued to expand and the problem of population aging has been intensifying.Caring for the quality of life of the older adults and enhancing their sense of access,happiness and security are inevitable requirements for realizing the strategy of active aging.The widespread and in-depth use of the Internet has created new opportunities for implementing the national strategy of actively addressing population aging and enriching the lives of the elderly,but it also brings new challenges-the "digital divide" of the older adults.Based on the 2020 China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS),this study explores the impact and the path of influence of Internet use(including the use and content of use)on the life satisfaction of Chinese older adults aged 60 and above from the perspectives of social comparison theory,digital divide theory and social support theory,using a combination of Ordered probit analysis,propensity score matching,stepwise test coefficient method and KHB mediation test.In order to provide empirical references for accelerating the bridging of the digital divide among older adults.The study found that:(1)Internet use had a significant negative impact on life satisfaction.Compared with the non-Internet-using group,the probability of very high life satisfaction was lower among the older adults in the using group.(2)Online learning,use of We Chat,swipe short video,and online shopping also had a negative effect on life satisfaction.The probability of very high life satisfaction was lower for the older adults who studied online,used We Chat,used short videos,and shopped online relative to those who did not study online,used We Chat,used short videos,and shopped online.(3)Subjective social status and interpersonal relationships were significant mediators of Internet use and life satisfaction.Subjective social status to some extent mediated the negative effects of Internet use,We Chat use and short video swiping on life satisfaction,while interpersonal relationships to some extent obscured the negative effects of Internet use,We Chat use and short video swiping on life satisfaction.Thus,it can be seen that in order to make the older adults fully enjoy the digital dividend,we cannot only help the older adults to enter the Internet from technology,but also solve the Internet adaptation problem of the older adults.Based on this,it is recommended to promote Internet adaptation to build a digital-friendly society;widely carry out Internet adaptation education for the older adults to bridge the digital "skills divide";respect the Internet subjectivity of the older adults to enhance their Internet discourse;strengthen Internet content governance to enhance their Internet safety awareness.In this way,the barriers to digital technology use among the older adults can be solved,and the older adults can share the fruits of digital development and live a happy life in their old age.更多还原