【作者】 刘敏；

【导师】 高春刚；

【作者基本信息】 云南师范大学 ， 体育教学（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【副题名】以云南师范大学为例

【摘要】 大学生的身体姿态问题以及对于自身身体的认知评价,常常受到许多因素的干扰和影响,出现认知偏差的情况。基于此,本研究希望能够通过调查研究,了解大学生的外部身体姿态、身体自我认知基本情况,分析身体姿态认知偏差基本情况,并进一步探究身体姿态认知偏差的影响因素,最后结合实际的研究情况针对性地提出对策和建议。本文以云南师范大学的公共体育选修课的大一、大二学生为调查对象;运用文献资料法对身体姿态、身体自我认知等进行文献梳理;使用观察评价法进行身体姿态的测量;采用多维度自我体像关系问卷和学生基本信息情况表进行问卷调查;使用SPSS24.0中的描述统计、独立样本T检验、单因素方差分析分析大学生身体姿态认知偏差的现状及特点,通过二元Logistic回归分析的方式,从人口统计学指标角度去分析大学生身体姿态认知偏差的影响因素。研究结果:(1)云南师范大学的大学生存在身体姿态问题的比例为93.41%,该校大学生的身体姿态问题主要表现为:高低肩(64.3%)、圆肩(42%)、驼背(33.9%)、O型腿(29.3)。在所测试的八项身体姿态的异常发生率中,按照机率从高到低的依次排序为:高低肩>圆肩>驼背>O型腿>头侧倾>骨盆前倾>骨盆后倾>X型腿。(2)通过对云南师范大学的大学生在《多维自我体像关系调查问卷》的调查结果分析,该校大学生的得分情况中:低分者为184人,占比为23.8%,高分者为590人,占比为76.2%。(3)通过进行数据分析,得出云南师范大学的大学生存在身体姿态认知偏差的人数为551人,占比为71.19%;不存在认知偏差的人数为223人,占比为28.81%。(4)通过二元Logistic回归分析得出,年级和是否经常参与体育锻炼在是否存在身体姿态认知偏差中存在显著差异(P<0.05)。研究结论:(1)云南师范大学的大学生普遍存在身体姿态问题。(2)云南师范大学的大学生的身体自我认知评价总体较好,对自身评价较积极。(3)云南师范大学的大学生普遍存在身体姿态认知偏差。该校大学生对于自我身体的特点认识不足。(4)年级和是否经常参与体育锻炼是是否存在身体姿态认知偏差的独立影响因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 The body posture and cognitive evaluation of college students are often influenced and interfered with by many factors,resulting in cognitive biases.Based on this,this study aims to investigate and study the basic situation of college students’ external body posture and body self-awareness,analyze the basic situation of body posture cognitive bias,and further explore the influencing factors of body posture cognitive bias.Finally,based on the actual research situation,targeted countermeasures and suggestions are proposed.This article takes freshmen and sophomores of the public sports elective course at Yunnan Normal University as the survey subjects;Using literature review method to sort out literature on body posture,body self-awareness,etc;Using observation and evaluation methods to measure body posture;Conduct a questionnaire survey using a multidimensional self image relationship questionnaire and a student basic information table;Using descriptive statistics,independent sample t-tests,and one-way ANOVA in SPSS 24.0,the current status and characteristics of college students’ body posture cognitive bias were analyzed.Through binary logistic regression analysis,the influencing factors of college students’ body posture cognitive bias were analyzed from the perspective of demographic indicators.Research results:(1)The proportion of college students at Yunnan Normal University who have physical posture problems is 93.41%.The main manifestations of physical posture problems among college students are: high and low shoulders(64.3%),round shoulders(42%),hunchback(33.9%),and O-shaped legs(29.3%).Among the eight abnormal body postures tested,the order of incidence from high to low is: high and low shoulders>round shoulders>hunchback>O-shaped legs>head tilt>pelvic forward tilt>pelvic backward tilt>X-shaped legs.(2)Through the analysis of the survey results of Yunnan Normal University’s college students in the "Multi dimensional Self Image Relationship Survey Questionnaire",the scores of the university students are: 184 students with low scores,accounting for 23.8%,and 590 students with high scores,accounting for 76.2%.(3)Through data analysis,it was found that 551 college students at Yunnan Normal University had cognitive biases in body posture,accounting for 71.19% of the total;The number of people without cognitive bias is 223,accounting for 28.81%.(4)Through binary logistic regression analysis,it was found that there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in the presence of body posture cognitive bias between grade and frequent participation in physical exercise.Research conclusion:(1)College students at Yunnan Normal University generally have physical posture problems.(2)College students from Yunnan Normal University generally have a good evaluation of their physical self-awareness and a positive evaluation of themselves.(3)College students at Yunnan Normal University generally have cognitive biases in body posture.The college students have insufficient understanding of their own physical characteristics.(4)Grade and frequent participation in physical exercise are independent influencing factors for the existence of cognitive biases in body posture.更多还原