【作者】 吴峰；

【导师】 郭洪水；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 马克思主义理论， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 当前意识形态领域斗争格局错综复杂,威胁我国意识形态安全。作为意识形态领域内典型的唯心主义思潮和西方文化霸权的重要工具,“历史虚无主义”已经成为扰乱意识形态进而削弱马克思主义指导地位的一股思潮。因此,需要从意识形态安全视域辨析和治理它,清晰揭露其表现、特质、危害,以维护意识形态安全。“历史虚无主义”站在唯物史观的对立面上,对历史采取了一种主观性、随意性的态度,它违反了历史研究实事求是的基本范式,对历史尤其是近代革命史、新中国发展史以及党史进行了一种扭曲化解读,对中国共产党中作出杰出贡献的代表性人物进行了污蔑。随着社会环境改变、传播技术进步和人们思维方式变化,“历史虚无主义”也呈现出了新的特征,使其对社会的影响更加难以防范。它对历史本身所具有的颠覆性评价,对社会舆论和大众心理,尤其是对青年学生造成了极大的伤害,对我们的意识形态安全稳定产生了严重影响。本文首先对意识形态安全理论与“历史虚无主义”的概念、思维方式、主要特点等进行了论述。接着对“历史虚无主义”思潮所呈现的主要特点进行了分析,将其定义为以唯心论为谬误内核,以混淆是非的研究范式为惯用手法,以西方资本主义文明史观为基本立场的错误思潮。此后,文章还对“历史虚无主义”思潮的产生和演变开了相应的研究,“历史虚无主义”脱胎于西方的“虚无主义”,政治化改造后盛行于东欧剧变时期,随后和其他西方社会思潮传播进入中国,对“历史虚无主义”的产生演变加以研究,分析其演变过程中的历史条件和时代背景,力求更加全面地把握“历史虚无主义”对意识形态安全的影响。当今中国正处在一个充满活力、瞬息万变的社会转型进程中,对外开放的广度和深度也进一步加大,必须警惕以“历史虚无主义”为代表的错误思潮影响。因此,必须对“历史虚无主义”进行深入和全面的研究,了解其活动规律,紧密关注其政治意图,揭示其自身存在的矛盾性,正确把握“历史虚无主义”思潮在我国传播的特点和方式,研究“历史虚无主义”思潮的主要表现形式及其特质特点。同时根据当下的实际和维护意识形态安全稳定性的需要,厘清对待新形势下“历史虚无主义”思潮对意识形态安全的危害性,研判抵御“历史虚无主义”的治理之策,在树立对待“历史虚无主义”科学态度的同时构建思想防线,消解其对意识形态安全的负面影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The struggle pattern of the current ideological field is intricate and threatens the ideological security of our country.As a typical idealist trend of thought in the field of ideology and an important tool of Western cultural hegemony,"historical nihilism" has become a trend of thought that disrupts ideology and weakens the guiding position of Marxism.Therefore,it is necessary to distinguish and manage it from the perspective of ideological security,and clearly reveal its performance,characteristics and harm,so as to maintain ideological security.Standing on the opposite side of historical materialism,"historical nihilism" takes a subjective and arbitrary attitude towards history.It violates the basic paradigm of historical research to seek truth from facts.It distorts and defends history,especially the modern revolutionary history,the development history of New China and the Party history,and smears representative figures who have made outstanding contributions to the Communist Party of China.With the change of social environment,the progress of communication technology and the change of people’s way of thinking,"historical nihilism" has also taken on new characteristics,which makes its influence on society more difficult to prevent.Its subversive evaluation of history itself has caused great harm to public opinion and public psychology,especially to young students,and has had a serious impact on our ideological security and stability.This paper firstly discusses the concept,mode of thinking and main characteristics of ideological security theory and historical nihilism.Then it analyzes the main characteristics of the "historical nihilism" thought,and defines it as the wrong thought with idealism as the fallacy core,the research paradigm of confusing right and wrong as the usual method,and the western capitalist civilization view of history as the basic position.After that,the paper also studies the emergence and evolution of the trend of "historical nihilism".The trend of "historical nihilism" was born out of the Western trend of "nihilism" and became popular in the period of great upheaval in Eastern Europe after politicized transformation.Later,the trend of "historical nihilism" was spread to China along with other Western trends of thought,and the generation and evolution of "historical nihilism" was studied.This paper analyzes the historical conditions and background of its evolution and tries to grasp the influence of "historical nihilism" on ideological security more comprehensively.Today,China is in the process of a dynamic and fast-changing social transformation,and the breadth and depth of opening to the outside world have been further increased.We must be vigilant against the influence of the wrong ideological trend represented by historical nihilism.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a thorough and comprehensive study on historical nihilism from the Angle of ideological security,take the ideological theories of classic writers such as Max,Engels and Lenin as reference,understand its activity law,pay close attention to its realistic appeals,reveal its own contradictions,and correctly grasp the characteristics and ways of the dissemination of historical nihilism in our country.Study the main forms of historical nihilism and its dynamic trend.At the same time,according to the current reality and the need to maintain the ideological security and stability,clarify how to deal with the influence of "historical nihilism" in the new situation,study and judge the governance measures to resist "historical nihilism",eliminate its negative impact on ideological security.更多还原