【作者】 王辉；

【导师】 尹志宏；

【作者基本信息】 昆明理工大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2023， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国内马铃薯精细加工行业的快速发展,现有的马铃薯清洗设备和技术已经无法适应市场上对马铃薯高质、高效、高洁净度的清洗要求,马铃薯加工产业里传统的人工清洗方式以及滚筒浸泡式的清洗方法其低效,低质的问题亟待解决,因此开发出一套高效率的清洗设备具有重要意义。本文为解决马铃薯的清洗问题,将引入射流清洗的方法,设计滚筒式射流清洗设备并结合仿真分析软件来对马铃薯清洗进行数值仿真研究,从而探索滚筒式马铃薯射流清洗设备的可行性并得到最优的清洗参数。论文的主要研究内容如下:(1)本文根据目前市场清洗设备清洗不彻底、劳动强度重、对清洗物料表面损伤大的缺点,提出了马铃薯射流清洗方案,并设计出一条由提升输送机、滚筒清洗机、射流管路和回收箱组成的马铃薯清洗流水线。(2)针对马铃薯缺少离散元参数的问题,本文将对马铃薯进行离散元参数标定,基于试验平台对马铃薯基本物料参数进行测量,从而构建出马铃薯离散元模型并通过筛选试验、最陡爬坡试验、响应面参数优化以及最优参数验证试验,得到了马铃薯的离散元参数,为后文的数值仿真提供模型和参数。(3)为了研究清洗滚筒内喷嘴水射流能否满足马铃薯的清洗问题,建立了射流清洗域流场,分析了不同喷嘴入射角、入口水流压力和喷嘴布置的流场分布,初步确定水射流入射角为75°、喷嘴入口水压力0.4MPa和喷嘴对齐排列布置时对物料清洗效果最佳。(4)为了探讨马铃薯在滚筒内运动是否能够满足完全清洗和运输,通过EDEM仿真实验讨论了滚筒转速和喂入量对马铃薯运动的影响,得到滚筒转速20r/min～30r/min和喂入量2t/h～4t/h时物料清洗和运输最佳。基于Fluent-EDEM耦合方法,对马铃薯射流清洗过程进行了数值仿真研究。仿真结果表明滚筒射流清洗机能够达到马铃薯的清洗的要求。(5)为了得到清洗马铃薯最优的工艺参数,建立了针对马铃薯清洗效果的评价标准,并运用Minitab软件来设计正交试验以及数据结果的分析,最后基于试验来对得到的清洗参数进行验证,该清洗设备符合马铃薯清洗要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the domestic potato fine processing industry,the existing potato cleaning equipment and technology has been unable to adapt to the market for potato high quality,high efficiency,high cleanliness cleaning requirements,potato processing industry,the traditional manual cleaning methods and drum immersion cleaning method of inefficiency,low quality problems need to be solved,so the development of a set of high-efficiency cleaning equipment is of great significance.In this paper,to solve the potato cleaning problem,we will introduce the method of jet cleaning,design the drum type jet cleaning equipment and combine with simulation analysis software to carry out numerical simulation research on potato cleaning,so as to explore the feasibility of the drum type potato jet cleaning equipment and get the optimal cleaning parameters.The main research contents of the paper are as follows:(1)In this paper,according to the shortcomings of cleaning equipment in the current market,such as incomplete cleaning,heavy labor intensity and great damage to the surface of cleaning materials,a potato jet cleaning scheme is proposed,and a potato jet cleaning line composed of lifting conveyor,drum cleaning machine,jet pipeline and recycling box is designed.(2)In view of the lack of discrete element parameters for potatoes,this paper will carry out discrete element parameter calibration for potatoes,and measure the basic material parameters of potatoes based on the test platform,so as to build a discrete element model for potatoes.Through screening test,steepest climb test,response surface parameter optimization and optimal parameter verification test,the discrete element parameters of potatoes are obtained.The model and parameters are provided for the numerical simulation in the following paper.(3)In order to study whether the water jet from the nozzle in the cleaning cylinder can satisfy the cleaning problem of potatoes,the flow field of the jet cleaning domain was established,and the flow field distribution of different nozzle incidence angles,inlet water pressure and nozzle arrangement was analyzed.It was preliminarily determined that the water jet incidence Angle of 75°,inlet water pressure of 0.4MPa and nozzle alignment arrangement had the best cleaning effect on materials.(4)In order to investigate whether the potato movement in the roller can satisfy the requirements of complete cleaning and transportation,the effects of the roller speed and feeding amount on the potato movement were discussed through EDEM simulation experiment.The results showed that the optimal cleaning and transportation conditions were obtained when the roller speed was 20r/min～30r/min and the feeding amount was2t/h～4t/h.Based on the Fluent-EDEM coupling method,the numerical simulation of potato jet cleaning process was carried out.The simulation results show that the roller jet cleaning machine can meet the requirements of potato cleaning.(5)In order to obtain the optimal technological parameters for potato cleaning,the evaluation criteria for potato cleaning effect were established,and Minitab software was used to design orthogonal experiment and analyze the data results.Finally,based on the experiment,the obtained cleaning parameters were verified,and the cleaning equipment met the requirements of potato cleaning.更多还原